英文文献：Net Taxpayer Cost of WIC Infant Formula-WIC婴儿配方奶粉的纳税人净成本
英文文献作者：Levedahl, J. William,Reed, Albert J.
英文文献摘要：
This paper combines expressions for infant formula retail price flexibilities of the contract brand with respect to the rebate and participant demand presented by Reed and Levedahl (2012)with historical data on rebates and participant demand to calculate how the magnitude of net taxpayer costs has been affected by changes in rebates and participant demand. These results are used to compare the relative impact of these variables on the net cost to taxpayers of WIC infant formula and to evaluate how effective sole-source contracts have been at containing taxpayer costs.

本文结合表达式婴儿配方奶粉零售价格灵活性合同品牌对里德和Levedahl所呈现的退税和参与者的需求与历史数据(2012)退税和参与者的需求来计算净纳税人成本的大小是如何影响退税和参与者的需求的变化。这些结果被用来比较这些变量对WIC婴儿配方奶粉净成本与纳税人的相对影响，并评估独家来源合同在控制纳税人成本方面的有效性。