Foreword by the European Commission ......................................6
1. Executive Summary ...............................................................................8
2. Keynote Messages ...............................................................................10
3. State of the Art of ICT for Smart Buildings ............................16
4. Barriers and Challenges Ahead ....................................................22
5. ICT-enabled EeB ....................................................................................25
6. Business Opportunities .....................................................................30
7. Recommendations ..............................................................................32
Annex 1: Methodology and Credits ................................................36
Annex 2: Relevant European projects ...........................................38

INTRODUCTION   5
A GREEN STIMULUS?   5
JOb GAINS AND LOSSES   6
GREEN MARkET POTENTIAL  8
SHIFTING FROM FOSSIL FUELS TO RENEWAbLE ENERGY  10
WIND POWER  11
SOLAR PHOTOvOLTAICS  13
CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER AND SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY  15
bIOENERGY  16
TRANSPORT  18
AUTOMObILE FUEL EFFICIENCY  18
HYbRID vEHICLES    20
URbAN TRANSPORT, CAR-SHARING AND bICYCLES   21
RAIL  22
ENERGY EFFICIENCY  23
bUILDINGS  24
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES  24
LIGHTING  25
COMbINED HEAT AND POWER  26
CONCLUSIONS  28
REFERENCES  30

Harnessing Farms  and Forests in the  Low-Carbon Economy
Part I. Overview
  1  Introduction: he Role of Landowners
and Farmers in the New Low-Carbon
Economy  3
  2  he Process of Creating Ofsets  10
  3  Land-Management Options for Creating
Ofsets  22
Part II. Steps in Determining a Project’s Offsets
  4  Step 1: Scoping the Costs and Beneits of a
Proposed Project  39
  5  Step 2: Determining Additionality and
Baselines  46
  6  Step 3: Quantifying the Carbon Sequestered
in Forests  52
  7  Step 4: Quantifying the Carbon Sequestered
in Soil  64
  8  Step 5: Quantifying Greenhouse Gas
Emissions from Manure  75
  9  Step 6: Quantifying and Minimizing Methane
and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Soil  84
  10  Step 7: Estimating Leakage or Of-Site
Emissions Caused by the Project  91
  11  Step 8: Verifying and Registering Ofsets  99
  12  Conclusion: Putting hese Guidelines into
Practice  107

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