英文文献：Multifunctional Agriculture and Farm Viability in the United States-多功能农业和农业生存能力在美国
英文文献作者：Brown, Jason P.,Goetz, Stephan J.,Fleming, David A.
英文文献摘要：
Multifunctionality of agriculture is being heralded as a way to achieve food and fiber production while simultaneously providing ecological services and promoting rural development through the establishment of new enterprises. However, in order for multifunctional agriculture to achieve these objectives it must be viable. To date there have been no empirical studies assessing the current regional distribution of multifunctional activities in the U.S. Using the 2002 and 2007 Census of Agriculture we use regional econometric models to estimate the impact of county-level measures of multifunctional activities on farm viability as measured by the change in the number of farms. Results indicate that direct sales for human consumption were associated with increases in the number of farms only in New England. An increase in income from agritourism and recreational services within a county was associated with reduced farm viability nationally and in three regions. In three of the eight regions results confirm previous findings that off-farm labor income is a means of diversifying and potentially stabilizing total income of farm households, and that it may also serve as a financial platform for new entrants into farming.

农业的多功能性被认为是实现食品和纤维生产，同时提供生态服务和通过建立新企业促进农村发展的一种方式。然而，为了实现多功能农业的这些目标，它必须是可行的。到目前为止没有实证研究评估当前的多功能活动区域分布在美国使用2002年和2007年的农业普查我们使用区域经济计量模型估计的影响县级农业可行性措施的多功能活动以农场的数量的变化。结果表明，仅在新英格兰地区，人类消费的直接销售与农场数量的增加有关。县内农业和娱乐服务收入的增加与全国和三个地区农业生存能力的降低有关。在8个地区中，有3个地区的结果证实了之前的研究结果，即非农劳动力收入是使农户总收入多样化和潜在稳定的一种手段，也可能是新进入农业的人的金融平台。