产业政策教科书案例:理论与数据相结合
THE TEXTBOOK CASE FOR INDUSTRIAL POLICY:THEORY MEETS DATA
作者:
多米尼克·巴特尔梅(Dominick G.Bartelme)
阿诺·科斯蒂诺(Arnaud Costinot)
戴夫·唐纳森(Dave Donaldson)
安德烈斯·罗德里格斯·克莱尔(AndrésRodríguez-Clare)
The textbook case for industrial policy is well understood. If some sectors are subject to externaleconomies of scale, whereas others are not, a government should subsidize the first group ofsectors at the expense of the second. The empirical relevance of this argument, however, remainsunclear. In this paper we develop a strategy to estimate sector-level economies of scale andevaluate the gains from such policy interventions in an open economy. Our benchmark resultspoint towards significant and heterogeneous economies of scale across manufacturing sectors, butonly modest gains from industrial policy, below 1% of GDP on average. Though these gains canbe larger in some of the alternative environments that we consider, they are always smaller thanthe gains from optimal trade policy.
关于产业政策的教科书案例已广为人知。如果某些部门受制于外部规模经济,而另一些部门则不受制,则ZF应补贴第一个部门,而第二个部门则要付出代价。然而,这种说法的经验相关性仍然不清楚。在本文中,我们制定了一种策略来估计部门级规模经济并评估开放经济中此类政策干预的收益。我们的基准结果表明,制造业各部门之间存在显着的规模经济异质关系,但工业政策的收益却很小,平均不到GDP的1%。尽管在我们考虑的某些替代环境中,这些收益可能更大,但它们总是比最佳贸易政策的收益小。