本人一直没有找到相关实例，现贴题求解：
1、John has a portfolio and the portfolio loss distribution is described by a normal distribution with mean -$10 and the standard derivation is $2. At the probability level  = 99%, what is the economic capital and expected shortfall?（其中expected shortfall如何求解？）
2、Based on the empirical study, we know that the hazard rate is constant over time and f(1) = 1, what is the survival probability up to time t, i.e., S(t)?