data a;
input  z x c v b n m;
cards;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5 6 7 8 9 0 1
;
run;


proc sql noprint;
   select "rename " || strip(name) ||"= x"||put(varnum,best.-l)||";"
        into :rename separated by " "
         from dictionary.columns
         where libname="WORK" and memname="A";
quit;


data b;
   set a;
   &rename
run;

谢谢楼上各位的回复，我自己也做了一个：
data a;
input  z x c v b n m;
cards;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5 6 7 8 9 0 1
;
run;
proc transpose data=a out=a1 ；
run;
data a2;
set a1;
_name_=compress('p'||_n_);
run;
proc transpose data=a2 out=af (drop=_name_);
run;
最终将所有变量命名为p1-p7

1# wkn1986

data a;
input  z x c v b n m;
cards;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5 6 7 8 9 0 1
;
run;

options mprint;

%macro rename(lib,dsn,new);
proc sql noprint;
select nvar into :num_vars
from dictionary.tables
where libname="%upcase(&LIB)" and memname="%upcase(&DSN)";

select distinct(name) into :var1-:var%trim(&num_vars)
from dictionary.columns
where libname="%upcase(&LIB)" and memname="%upcase(&DSN)";
quit;
run;

proc datasets library=&lib;
modify a;
rename
%do i=1 %to &num_vars;
   &&var&i=&new&i
%end;
;
run;
%mend;

%rename(work,a,x)

将数据导出后如  txt 文件， 然后重新导入。

结果变量排序出问题了，是否可以改进下？

11# sushe1527
去除distinct即可，或者按照varnum排序就ok了。

DATA A;
INPUT X y@@;
CARDS;
2 3 34 5 6 8 98 3 4 5 6 7
;
RUN;
proc transpose data=a out=b prefix=x;
var x y;
run;
proc transpose data=b out=c (drop=_name_) prefix=x;
run;