数据，模型与决策答案
1.1-1
The rapid development of the discipline began in the 1940’s and 1950’s.
1.1-2
The traditional name given to the discipline is operations research.
1.1-3
A management science study provides an analysis and recommendations, based on the quantitative factors involved in the problem, as input to the managers.
1.1-4
Management science is based strongly on some scientific fields, including mathematics and computer science.
It also draws upon the social sciences, especially economics.
1.1-5
A decision support system is an interactive computer-based system that aids managerial decision-making.
The system draws current data from databases or management information systems and then solves the various versions of the model specified by the manager.
1.1-6
Many managerial problems revolve around such quantitative factors as production quantities, revenues, costs, the amounts available of needed resources, etc.
1.2-1
The production and sales volume needs to exceed the break-even point to make it worthwhile to introduce a product.
1.2-2
The number of clocks produced cannot be less than 0, nor should it exceed the number that can be sold. Also, the objective is to make the decision that maximizes the company’s profit.
1.2-3
The purpose of sensitivity analysis is to check the effect on the recommendations of a model if the estimates turn out to be wrong.
1.2-4
Simply enter a variety of new values and see what happens.
1.2-5
The MIN(a, b) function gives the minimum of a and b.
1.2-6
The IF(a, b, c) function returns b if a is true, otherwise it returns c.
1.3-1
These applications typically resulted in annual savings in the millions of dollars.