提供一本IRT书：Applying the Rasch model to psycho-social measurement：A practical approach
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE: WHAT IS MEASUREMENT? ..................................................4
MEASUREMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL WORLD .................................................................4
MEASUREMENTS IN THE PSYCHO-SOCIAL SCIENCE CONTEXT ......................................4
PSYCHOMETRICS.........................................................................................................4
FORMAL DEFINITIONS OF PSYCHO-SOCIAL MEASUREMENT..........................................5
LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT.........................................................................................5
CHAPTER TWO: AN IDEAL MEASUREMENT ...............................................10
AN IDEAL MEASUREMENT ........................................................................................10
ABILITY ESTIMATES BASED ON RAW SCORES ..........................................................10
LINKING PEOPLE TO TASKS.......................................................................................12
ESTIMATING ABILITY USING ITEM RESPONSE THEORY ............................................13
IRT VIEWED AS A TRANSFORMATION OF RAW SCORES ............................................16
HOW ABOUT OTHER TRANSFORMATIONS OF RAW SCORES, FOR EXAMPLE,
STANDARDISED SCORE (Z-SCORE) AND PERCENTILE RANKS? DO THEY PRESERVE
“DISTANCES” BETWEEN PEOPLE? ..............................................................................17
CHAPTER THREE: DEVELOPING TESTS FROM IRT PERSPECTIVES –
CONSTRUCT AND FRAMEWORK......................................................................18
WHAT IS A CONSTRUCT?...........................................................................................18
LINKING VALIDITY TO CONSTRUCT ..........................................................................18
CONSTRUCT AND ITEM RESPONSE THEORY (IRT) ....................................................19
UNI-DIMENSIONALITY...............................................................................................21
SUMMARY.................................................................................................................23
CHAPTER FOUR: THE RASCH MODEL (THE DICHOTOMOUS CASE)...28
THE RASCH MODEL ..................................................................................................28
PROPERTIES OF THE RASCH MODEL..........................................................................29
CHAPTER FIVE: THE RASCH MODEL (THE POLYTOMOUS CASE).......39
INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................39
THE DERIVATION OF THE PARTIAL CREDIT MODEL..................................................39
PCM PROBABILITIES FOR ALL RESPONSE CATEGORIES............................................40
SOME OBSERVATIONS...............................................................................................41
THE INTERPRETATION OF k δ .....................................................................................41
TAU’S AND DELTA DOT ............................................................................................47
THURSTONIAN THRESHOLDS, OR GAMMAS (γ ) ........................................................50
USING EXPECTED SCORES AS MEASURES OF ITEM DIFFICULTY................................51
SUM OF DICHOTOMOUS ITEMS AND THE PARTIAL CREDIT MODEL ...........................54
CHAPTER SIX: PREPARING DATA FOR RASCH ANALYSIS .....................56
CODING.....................................................................................................................56
SCORING AND CODING ..............................................................................................57
DATA ENTRY.............................................................................................................58
CHAPTER SEVEN: ITEM ANALYSIS STEPS ...................................................62
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ESTIMATION PROCEDURES .................................................62
TYPICAL OUTPUT OF IRT PROGRAMS ........................................................................63
EXAMINE ITEM STATISTICS.......................................................................................64
CHECKING FOR DIFFERENTIAL ITEM FUNCTIONING ..................................................69