1. 什么是碳纳米管?
1991 年日本 NEC 公司的饭岛纯雄(Sumio Iijima)首次利用电子显微镜观察到中空的碳纤维,直径 一般在几纳米到几十个纳米之间,长度为数微米,甚至毫米,称为“碳纳米管”。理论分析和实验观 察认为它是一种由六角网状的石墨烯片卷成的具有螺旋周期管状结构。正是由于饭岛的发现才真正 引发了碳纳米管研究的热潮和近十年来碳纳米管科学和技术的飞速发展。
按照石墨烯片的层数,可分为: 1)
单壁碳纳米管(Single-walled nanotubes, SWNTs):由一层石墨烯片组成。单壁管典型的直
径和长度分别为 0.75~3nm 和 1~50μm。又称富勒管(Fullerenes tubes)。 2)
多壁碳纳米管(Multi-walled nanotubes, MWNTs):含有多层石墨烯片。形状象个同轴电缆。
其层数从 2~50 不等,层间距为 0.34±0.01nm,与石墨层间距(0.34nm)相当。多壁管的典
型直径和长度分别为 2~30nm 和 0.1~50μm。 多壁管在开始形成的时候,层与层之间很容易成为陷阱中心而捕获各种缺陷,因而多壁管的管
壁上通常布满小洞样的缺陷。与多壁管相 比,单壁管是由单层圆柱型石墨层构成, 其直径大小的分布范围小,缺陷少,具有 更高的均匀一致性。无论是多壁管还是单 壁管都具有很高的长径比,一般为 100~ 1000,最高可达 1000~10000,完全可以 认为是一维分子

Global Carbon Nanotubes Market toExceed $1.9 Billion by 2010, According to New Report by Global IndustryAnalysts, Inc.

Abstract:
Demand for carbon nanotubes is increasing rapidly in electrical, mechanical andhealth & medical applications due to their thermal, electrical conductive andother properties. The global carbon nanotubes market is projected to exceedUS$1.9 billion by 2010, at a CAGR of more than 80% during the analysis period.
GlobalCarbon Nanotubes Market to Exceed $1.9 Billion by 2010, According to New Reportby Global Industry Analysts, Inc.
San Jose, CA | Posted on July 23rd, 2007
Carbon nanotubes play a significant role inthe nascent nanotechnology industry. Development of cost effective productionmethods and quality improvement are factors that are expected to drive carbonnanotubes market over the coming years. Rise in demand and production, and easyaccessibility of carbon nanotubes would lead to extensive use of carbonnanotubes in a wide variety of applications. Nanotubes market, which wasgrowing at a moderate pace till 2004-2005, is expected to expand at askyrocketing pace in the coming years.

United States currently dominates the world market in terms of revenues, whileEuropean carbon nanotubes market is projected to be the fastest growing marketduring the analysis period at a CAGR of over 100%, as stated by Global IndustryAnalysts, Inc. Together, United States and Asia-Pacific account for over 75% ofthe global carbon nanotubes market. Asia-Pacific region is poised to lead theregional market in terms of revenues and reach US$2.5 billion by the year 2012.


Development and use of cost-effective production methods are expected tobolster worldwide carbon nanotubes market. Various end-use sectors such aselectronics, field emission devices, batteries, research institutions,composites, and others are enabling carbon nanotubes to grow rapidly, over thelast couple of years. However, high cost is one of the major issues in thecarbon nanotubes industry. Expansion of manufacturing facilities by companiesis expected to fuel the production of carbon nanotubes, while reducing prices

Multi walled carbon nanotubes market was estimated at US$290 million for 2006.Revenues generated from multi walled carbon nanotubes are high due to theirsimple production process and low cost compared to single walled carbonnanotubes. However, in the coming years, single walled carbon nanotubes marketis projected to overtake multi walled carbon nanotubes market and projected tocross US$5 billion by the year 2012, at a very high CAGR of 200%.

The report titled "Carbon Nanotubes: A Global Strategic BusinessReport" published by Global Industry Analysts, Inc., provides specificinsights on key issues and trends, market drivers, and industry-relatedstrategic developments and product introductions. The study also analyzesmarket data and analytics in value sales for regions such as United States,Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of World by the following product segments -Single Walled Carbon Nanotube and Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube. Also, annualrevenue estimates and projections are presented for global carbon nanotubesmarket by end-use sectors - R&D Institutes/Laboratories, Electronics, FieldEmission Devices, Composites, and Fuel Cells & Batteries.

Key players dominating the global carbon nanotubes market include CatalyticMaterials, Hyperion Catalysis International, ILJIN Nanotech, Nanocyl,Nanoledge, Raymor Industries, Rosseter Holdings, Shenzhen Nanotech Port,SouthWest NanoTechnologies, Sun Nanotech, and Unidym.






The market for carbon nanotubes in 2008 was $90.5 million
The majority of current global revenues for carbon nanotubes are generated by relatively large-scale manufacturing of bulk materials for applications where electrical conductivity, increased mechanical performance and flame retardancy are primary design drivers. Composites, field emission devices and batteries are the most prominent and commercially viable current applications. Next generation products will incorporate sensing capabilities and multi-functionality and lead to greatly increased revenues over the next 3-10 years. Prices will also fall over the next few years as large companies begin to produce commercial-scale volumes of nanotubes. Large multi-nationals such as Arkema, Bayer and Showa Denko have significantly ramped up production levels; companies in China and Russia are also producing significantly cheaper nanotubes.
Figure 1: Market revenues for Carbon Nanotubes 2008 (Source: Nanoposts.com).
© Nanoposts.com
6The Global Market for Carbon Nanotubes to 2015
Main markets at present for nanotubes are aerospace, automotive, defence and electronics & data storage; generally as multi-purpose compound enhancers. In aerospace, nanotubes already find application as additives for ESD and EMI shielding; as electrostatic coatings and component reinforcement additives in the automotive sector; in various defence applications; and as conductive polymers and composites for field emission displays. This represents the first generation of nanotubes products; the next generation will be based on controlled fabrications leading to multi-functional and sensory capabilities.