摘要翻译：
在超冷气体中，许多实验都使用原子成像作为基本的观测手段。所得到的图像在许多实现上被平均，并且大多数情况下只使用这个平均值。直到最近，人们才通过测量噪声来提取物理信息。本文研究了这些气体在零温下产生的量子噪声。我们把自己限制在均匀的情况下，研究在给定体积的气体中，更具体地说，在半径为R$的球体中，粒子数的涨落。我们证明了在三（或一）维系统中，零温涨落并不广泛，球半径为$R$的先导项标度为$R^2\lnR$（或$\lnR$)。我们系统地计算这个前序之外的下一项。我们首先考虑可压缩超流体的一般情况。然后我们研究了整个玻色-爱因斯坦-凝聚(BEC)-BCS的交叉，特别是弱相互作用玻色气体和自由费米气体的极限情况。
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英文标题：
《Number fluctuations in cold quantum gases》
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作者：
G.E. Astrakharchik, R. Combescot, L.P. Pitaevskii
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最新提交年份：
2007
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics        统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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英文摘要：
  In ultracold gases many experiments use atom imaging as a basic observable. The resulting image is averaged over a number of realizations and mostly only this average is used. Only recently the noise has been measured to extract physical information. In the present paper we investigate the quantum noise arising in these gases at zero temperature. We restrict ourselves to the homogeneous situation and study the fluctuations in particle number found within a given volume in the gas, and more specifically inside a sphere of radius $R$. We show that zero-temperature fluctuations are not extensive and the leading term scales with sphere radius $R$ as $R^2\ln R$ (or $\ln R$) in three- (or one-) dimensional systems. We calculate systematically the next term beyond this leading order. We consider first the generic case of a compressible superfluid. Then we investigate the whole Bose-Einstein-condensation (BEC)-BCS crossover crossover, and in particular the limiting cases of the weakly interacting Bose gas and of the free Fermi gas.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/707.0458