摘要翻译：
林分遗传密码的起源被认为是分布在两个显性域和两个隐性域的两个AU-和GC密码融合的结果。用简单的经验规则描述了这些代码的融合。这种形式的方法解释了蛋白源氨基酸的数量和密码子在最终的标准遗传密码中的分配。它显示了包括在益生元密码中的去甲亮氨酸、吡咯赖氨酸、硒半胱氨酸和其他两种未知氨基酸在融合后是如何消失的。描述了这两种缺失氨基酸的性质。对线粒体中观察到的模棱两可的翻译进行了解释。代码的内部结构允许对益生元时代的分子进化有更详细的了解。特别地，给出了最古老的单碱基对码的结构。融合概念揭示了DNA机制在单个优势Au-编码水平上的外观。将标准遗传密码出现前的时间划分为四个时期：前DNA时期、2编码时期、前融合时期和后融合时期。益生元的单碱基对编码可能有助于设计新的肽基催化剂。
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英文标题：
《On the origin of the standard genetic code as a fusion of prebiotic
  single-base-pair codes》
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作者：
A. Nesterov-Mueller and R. Popov
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最新提交年份：
2020
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Biology        数量生物学
二级分类：Other Quantitative Biology        其他定量生物学
分类描述：Work in quantitative biology that does not fit into the other q-bio classifications
不适合其他q-bio分类的定量生物学工作
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英文摘要：
  The genesis of the stand genetic code is considered as a result of a fusion of two AU- and GC-codes distributed in two dominant and two recessive domains. The fusion of these codes is described with simple empirical rules. This formal approach explains the number of the proteinogenic amino acids and the codon assignment in the resulting standard genetic code. It shows how norleucine, pyrrolysine, selenocysteine and two other unknown amino acids, included into the prebiotic codes, disappeared after the fusion. The properties of these two missing amino acids were described. The ambiguous translation observed in mitochondria is explained. The internal structure of the codes allows a more detailed insights into molecular evolution in prebiotic time. In particular, the structure of the oldest single base-pair code is presented. The fusion concept reveals the appearance of the DNA machinery on the level of the single dominant AU-code. The time before the appearance of standard genetic code is divided into four epochs: pre-DNA, 2-code, pre-fusion, and after-fusion epochs. The prebiotic single-base-pair codes may help design novel peptide-based catalysts.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.09230