摘要翻译：
旨在减少水生物种入侵的全球压载水管理条例要求采取可能增加运输成本的行动。我们采用综合航运成本和全球经济建模方法来研究压载水法规对双边贸易、国民经济和航运模式的影响。鉴于在物种入侵的区域热点地区可能需要更严格的监管，这项工作考虑了两种压载水处理政策情景：实施现行国际监管，以及可能针对往返美国的船只的更严格的区域监管，而其他船只继续面临现行标准。我们发现，在这两种情况下，压载水管理合规成本都会对国际贸易和国民经济产生适度的负面影响。然而，对美国港口实施更严格的规定预计将对少数国家几种特定商品的双边贸易产生巨大负面影响。贸易转移导致美国一些产品进口减少，导致轻微的经济福利损失。
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英文标题：
《Potential impacts of ballast water regulations on international trade,
  shipping patterns, and the global economy: An integrated transportation and
  economic modeling assessment》
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作者：
Zhaojun Wang, Duy Nong, Amanda M. Countryman, James J. Corbett, and
  Travis Warziniack
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最新提交年份：
2020
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分类信息：

一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要：
  Global ballast water management regulations aiming to decrease aquatic species invasion require actions that can increase shipping costs. We employ an integrated shipping cost and global economic modeling approach to investigate the impacts of ballast water regulations on bilateral trade, national economies, and shipping patterns. Given the potential need for more stringent regulation at regional hotspots of species invasions, this work considers two ballast water treatment policy scenarios: implementation of current international regulations, and a possible stricter regional regulation that targets ships traveling to and from the United States while other vessels continue to face current standards. We find that ballast water management compliance costs under both scenarios lead to modest negative impacts on international trade and national economies overall. However, stricter regulations applied to U.S. ports are expected to have large negative impacts on bilateral trade of several specific commodities for a few countries. Trade diversion causes decreased U.S. imports of some products, leading to minor economic welfare losses.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.11334