摘要翻译：
本文主要研究低频射频(LLRF)控制系统中频率转换过程中所增加的相位噪声。直线加速器中束流参数的稳定性取决于加速场振幅和相位的稳定性。LLRF控制系统根据输入的RF信号来调节加速模块内部的电磁场。通常，有源混频器对这些信号进行下变频，然后由ADC进行采样和数字化。这种场检测方案需要外差/本振(LO)信号的合成，该信号通常使用无源混频器和分频器产生。在上述电路中可以观察到附加的接近载波相位噪声。无源混频器输出信号的相位噪声通常采用基于调制理论的小信号模型计算。实验结果表明，输入信号的功率电平对噪声本底以外的相位噪声有非线性影响。测量了分频器的输出相位噪声与输入功率、输入频率和分频比的关系。测量了LO信号功率电平对有源混频器输出信号相位噪声的影响，并提出了两个假设。进一步测量了AM-PM和PM-AM的转换，以验证其中一个假设。LO信号的保真度部分由IF信号的相位噪声决定。
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英文标题：
《Additive phase-noise in frequency conversion in LLRF systems》
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作者：
Igor Rutkowski and Krzysztof Czuba
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最新提交年份：
2018
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Instrumentation and Detectors        仪器仪表和探测器
分类描述：Instrumentation and Detectors for research in natural science, including optical, molecular, atomic, nuclear and particle physics instrumentation and the associated electronics, services, infrastructure and control equipment.
用于自然科学研究的仪器和探测器，包括光学、分子、原子、核和粒子物理仪器和相关的电子学、服务、基础设施和控制设备。
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一级分类：Electrical Engineering and Systems Science        电气工程与系统科学
二级分类：Signal Processing        信号处理
分类描述：Theory, algorithms, performance analysis and applications of signal and data analysis, including physical modeling, processing, detection and parameter estimation, learning, mining, retrieval, and information extraction. The term "signal" includes speech, audio, sonar, radar, geophysical, physiological, (bio-) medical, image, video, and multimodal natural and man-made signals, including communication signals and data. Topics of interest include: statistical signal processing, spectral estimation and system identification; filter design, adaptive filtering / stochastic learning; (compressive) sampling, sensing, and transform-domain methods including fast algorithms; signal processing for machine learning and machine learning for signal processing applications; in-network and graph signal processing; convex and nonconvex optimization methods for signal processing applications; radar, sonar, and sensor array beamforming and direction finding; communications signal processing; low power, multi-core and system-on-chip signal processing; sensing, communication, analysis and optimization for cyber-physical systems such as power grids and the Internet of Things.
信号和数据分析的理论、算法、性能分析和应用，包括物理建模、处理、检测和参数估计、学习、挖掘、检索和信息提取。“信号”一词包括语音、音频、声纳、雷达、地球物理、生理、（生物）医学、图像、视频和多模态自然和人为信号，包括通信信号和数据。感兴趣的主题包括：统计信号处理、谱估计和系统辨识；滤波器设计；自适应滤波/随机学习；（压缩）采样、传感和变换域方法，包括快速算法；用于机器学习的信号处理和用于信号处理应用的机器学习；网络与图形信号处理；信号处理中的凸和非凸优化方法；雷达、声纳和传感器阵列波束形成和测向；通信信号处理；低功耗、多核、片上系统信号处理；信息物理系统的传感、通信、分析和优化，如电网和物联网。
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英文摘要：
  This contribution focuses on phase-noise added during frequency conversion in low-level radio frequency (LLRF) control systems. The stability of beams' parameters in linear accelerators depends on the stability of amplitude and phase of the accelerating field. A LLRF control system regulates the electromagnetic field inside accelerating modules based on the input RF signals. Typically active mixers down-convert those signals, which are later sampled and digitized by ADCs. This field detection scheme necessitates synthesis of a heterodyne/local oscillator (LO) signal which is often generated using a passive mixer and a frequency divider. Additive close-to-carrier phase noise can be observed in the aforementioned circuits. The phase noise of a passive mixer's output signal is typically calculated using a small-signal model based on modulation theory. Experimental results indicate that the power level of the input signals has a nonlinear effect on phase noise beyond the noise floor. The frequency dividers' output phase noise was measured as a function of input power, input frequency, and division ratio. The influence of the LO signal power level on the active mixers' output signal phase noise was measured and two hypotheses were made. Further measurements of the AM-PM and PM-AM conversion were made to verify one of the hypotheses. The fidelity of the LO signal is partially determined by the phase noise of the IF signal.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.09247