摘要翻译：
经济系统各部门之间的间接交易是一个长期存在的问题。在其他各种科学领域的文献中，也有许多试图从概念上定义和数学上表述这一概念的尝试。然而，现有的直接效应和间接效应公式既不能分别确定直接和间接交易，也不能量化多部门经济系统中两个不同利益部门之间的交易。本文引入了直接交易、间接交易和转移交易（总量）的新概念，并根据系统分解理论，系统地建立了相应的需求矩阵和系数，分别对应于最终需求和总产出。从理论上和实例上证明，所提出的需求矩阵准确地定义和量化了相应的直接、间接和总的交互和关系。然后提出并简要分析了美国经济多年综合投入产出表的需求矩阵。
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英文标题：
《Direct and indirect transactions and requirements》
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作者：
Husna Betul Coskun and Huseyin Coskun
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最新提交年份：
2021
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分类信息：

一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要：
  The indirect transactions between sectors of an economic system has been a long-standing open problem. There have been numerous attempts to conceptually define and mathematically formulate this notion in various other scientific fields in literature as well. The existing direct and indirect effects formulations, however, can neither determine the direct and indirect transactions separately nor quantify these transactions between two individual sectors of interest in a multisectoral economic system. The novel concepts of the direct, indirect and transfer (total) transactions between any two sectors are introduced, and the corresponding requirements matrices and coefficients are systematically formulated relative to both final demands and gross outputs based on the system decomposition theory in the present manuscript. It is demonstrated theoretically and through illustrative examples that the proposed requirements matrices accurately define and correctly quantify the corresponding direct, indirect, and total interactions and relationships. The proposed requirements matrices for the US economy using aggregated input-output tables for multiple years are then presented and briefly analyzed.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.11569