摘要翻译：
尽管自动化形式化方法取得了令人印象深刻的进展，但系统验证和综合中的某些问题仍然具有挑战性。例子包括验证软件的定量特性，包括对时间和能量消耗的约束，以及从规范中自动合成系统。主要的挑战包括环境建模、规范的不完备性和底层决策问题的复杂性。这篇立场论文提出了sciduction，一种通过整合归纳推理、演绎推理和结构假设来解决这些挑战的方法。演绎推理是从一般规则或概念引出关于具体问题实例的结论，包括逻辑推理和约束求解等技术。归纳推理是从具体实例中归纳出一个概念，它包括从实例中学习的算法。结构假设用于定义在验证或合成过程中生成的工件的类别，如不变量或程序片段。Sciduction利用结构假说约束归纳推理和演绎推理，并积极地将归纳推理和演绎推理结合起来：例如，演绎技术生成学习示例，归纳推理被用来指导演绎引擎。我们用三个应用来说明这种方法：（一）软件的时序分析；(ii)无回路程序综合；(iii)混合系统控制器综合。并对今后的一些应用进行了讨论。
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英文标题：
《Sciduction: Combining Induction, Deduction, and Structure for
  Verification and Synthesis》
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作者：
Sanjit A. Seshia
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最新提交年份：
2012
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分类信息：

一级分类：Computer Science        计算机科学
二级分类：Logic in Computer Science        计算机科学中的逻辑
分类描述：Covers all aspects of logic in computer science, including finite model theory, logics of programs, modal logic, and program verification. Programming language semantics should have Programming Languages as the primary subject area. Roughly includes material in ACM Subject Classes D.2.4, F.3.1, F.4.0, F.4.1, and F.4.2; some material in F.4.3 (formal languages) may also be appropriate here, although Computational Complexity is typically the more appropriate subject area.
涵盖计算机科学中逻辑的所有方面，包括有限模型理论，程序逻辑，模态逻辑和程序验证。程序设计语言语义学应该把程序设计语言作为主要的学科领域。大致包括ACM学科类D.2.4、F.3.1、F.4.0、F.4.1和F.4.2中的材料；F.4.3（形式语言）中的一些材料在这里也可能是合适的，尽管计算复杂性通常是更合适的主题领域。
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一级分类：Computer Science        计算机科学
二级分类：Artificial Intelligence        人工智能
分类描述：Covers all areas of AI except Vision, Robotics, Machine Learning, Multiagent Systems, and Computation and Language (Natural Language Processing), which have separate subject areas. In particular, includes Expert Systems, Theorem Proving (although this may overlap with Logic in Computer Science), Knowledge Representation, Planning, and Uncertainty in AI. Roughly includes material in ACM Subject Classes I.2.0, I.2.1, I.2.3, I.2.4, I.2.8, and I.2.11.
涵盖了人工智能的所有领域，除了视觉、机器人、机器学习、多智能体系统以及计算和语言（自然语言处理），这些领域有独立的学科领域。特别地，包括专家系统，定理证明（尽管这可能与计算机科学中的逻辑重叠），知识表示，规划，和人工智能中的不确定性。大致包括ACM学科类I.2.0、I.2.1、I.2.3、I.2.4、I.2.8和I.2.11中的材料。
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一级分类：Computer Science        计算机科学
二级分类：Programming Languages        程序设计语言
分类描述：Covers programming language semantics, language features, programming approaches (such as object-oriented programming, functional programming, logic programming). Also includes material on compilers oriented towards programming languages; other material on compilers may be more appropriate in Architecture (AR). Roughly includes material in ACM Subject Classes D.1 and D.3.
涵盖程序设计语言语义，语言特性，程序设计方法（如面向对象程序设计，函数式程序设计，逻辑程序设计）。还包括面向编程语言的编译器的材料；关于编译器的其他材料可能在体系结构(AR)中更合适。大致包括ACM主题课程D.1和D.3中的材料。
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英文摘要：
  Even with impressive advances in automated formal methods, certain problems in system verification and synthesis remain challenging. Examples include the verification of quantitative properties of software involving constraints on timing and energy consumption, and the automatic synthesis of systems from specifications. The major challenges include environment modeling, incompleteness in specifications, and the complexity of underlying decision problems.   This position paper proposes sciduction, an approach to tackle these challenges by integrating inductive inference, deductive reasoning, and structure hypotheses. Deductive reasoning, which leads from general rules or concepts to conclusions about specific problem instances, includes techniques such as logical inference and constraint solving. Inductive inference, which generalizes from specific instances to yield a concept, includes algorithmic learning from examples. Structure hypotheses are used to define the class of artifacts, such as invariants or program fragments, generated during verification or synthesis. Sciduction constrains inductive and deductive reasoning using structure hypotheses, and actively combines inductive and deductive reasoning: for instance, deductive techniques generate examples for learning, and inductive reasoning is used to guide the deductive engines.   We illustrate this approach with three applications: (i) timing analysis of software; (ii) synthesis of loop-free programs, and (iii) controller synthesis for hybrid systems. Some future applications are also discussed.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1201.0979