摘要翻译：
去年夏天信贷危机中最令人难忘的时刻之一是高盛首席财务官大卫·维尼亚尔（David Viniar）在8月份宣布，自今年年初以来，高盛旗舰对冲基金GEO的价值已经损失了27%。正如Viniar先生解释的那样，“我们连续几天看到25个标准差的波动。”
---
英文标题：
《How Unlucky is 25-Sigma?》
---
作者：
Kevin Dowd, John Cotter, Chris Humphrey and Margaret Woods
---
最新提交年份：
2011
---
分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：General Finance        一般财务
分类描述：Development of general quantitative methodologies with applications in finance
通用定量方法的发展及其在金融中的应用
--
一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Risk Management        风险管理
分类描述：Measurement and management of financial risks in trading, banking, insurance, corporate and other applications
衡量和管理贸易、银行、保险、企业和其他应用中的金融风险
--

---
英文摘要：
  One of the more memorable moments of last summer's credit crunch came when the CFO of Goldman Sachs, David Viniar, announced in August that Goldman's flagship GEO hedge fund had lost 27% of its value since the start of the year. As Mr. Viniar explained, "We were seeing things that were 25-standard deviation moves, several days in a row."
---
PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1103.5672