摘要翻译：
自20世纪70年代维京号航天器开展火星表面微生物新陈代谢探测实验以来，寻找原位探测生命的非特异性方法一直是天体生物学研究的目标之一。通常要求该方法能够独立于生命的组成或形式来检测生命，并且所选择的生物特征指向所有生命系统的一个共同特征，如新陈代谢的存在。本文对微生物燃料电池（MFCs）在原位微生物生命检测中的应用进行了评价。MFCs是最初作为动力电源开发的电化学装置，可以描述为阳极浸没在含有微生物的介质中的燃料电池。这些微生物，作为其代谢过程的一部分，氧化有机物质，释放出有助于电流的电子，因此，这与代谢和其他氧化还原过程成正比。我们发现，在MFCs中，用微生物培养物或土壤样品测量的功率和电流密度值分别比用无微生物培养基或灭菌土壤样品测量的功率和电流密度值大得多。特别是，我们发现这对极端微生物来说是正确的，通常被提议生活在外星环境中。因此，我们的结果表明MFCs有潜力用于微生物生命的原位检测。
---
英文标题：
《Microbial Fuel Cells Applied to the Metabolically-Based Detection of
  Extraterrestrial Life》
---
作者：
Ximena C. Abrevaya, Pablo J.D. Mauas and Eduardo Cort\'on
---
最新提交年份：
2010
---
分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Earth and Planetary Astrophysics        地球和行星天体物理学
分类描述：Interplanetary medium, planetary physics, planetary astrobiology, extrasolar planets, comets, asteroids, meteorites. Structure and formation of the solar system
行星际介质，行星物理学，行星天体生物学，太阳系外行星，彗星，小行星，陨石。太阳系的结构和形成
--
一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Solar and Stellar Astrophysics        太阳和恒星天体物理学
分类描述：White dwarfs, brown dwarfs, cataclysmic variables. Star formation and protostellar systems, stellar astrobiology, binary and multiple systems of stars, stellar evolution and structure, coronas. Central stars of planetary nebulae. Helioseismology, solar neutrinos, production and detection of gravitational radiation from stellar systems
白矮星，褐矮星，大变数。恒星形成和原恒星系统，恒星天体生物学，恒星的双星和多星系统，恒星演化和结构，日冕。行星状星云的中心恒星。日震学，太阳中微子，恒星系统引力辐射的产生和探测
--
一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Biological Physics        生物物理学
分类描述：Molecular biophysics, cellular biophysics, neurological biophysics, membrane biophysics, single-molecule biophysics, ecological biophysics, quantum phenomena in biological systems (quantum biophysics), theoretical biophysics, molecular dynamics/modeling and simulation, game theory, biomechanics, bioinformatics, microorganisms, virology, evolution, biophysical methods.
分子生物物理、细胞生物物理、神经生物物理、膜生物物理、单分子生物物理、生态生物物理、生物系统中的量子现象（量子生物物理）、理论生物物理、分子动力学/建模与模拟、博弈论、生物力学、生物信息学、微生物、病毒学、进化论、生物物理方法。
--
一级分类：Quantitative Biology        数量生物学
二级分类：Other Quantitative Biology        其他定量生物学
分类描述：Work in quantitative biology that does not fit into the other q-bio classifications
不适合其他q-bio分类的定量生物学工作
--

---
英文摘要：
  Since the 1970's, when the Viking spacecrafts carried out experiments aimed to the detection of microbial metabolism on the surface of Mars, the search for nonspecific methods to detect life in situ has been one of the goals of astrobiology. It is usually required that the methodology can detect life independently from its composition or form, and that the chosen biological signature points to a feature common to all living systems, as the presence of metabolism. In this paper we evaluate the use of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) for the detection of microbial life in situ. MFCs are electrochemical devices originally developed as power electrical sources, and can be described as fuel cells in which the anode is submerged in a medium that contains microorganisms. These microorganisms, as part of their metabolic process, oxidize organic material releasing electrons that contribute to the electric current, which is therefore proportional to metabolic and other redox processes. We show that power and current density values measured in MFCs using microorganism cultures or soil samples in the anode are much larger than those obtained using a medium free of microorganisms or sterilized soil samples, respectively. In particular, we found that this is true for extremophiles, usually proposed to live in extraterrestrial environments. Therefore, our results show that MFCs have the potential to be used to detect microbial life in situ.
---
PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1006.1585