英文标题：
《Exploring multi-layer flow network of international trade based on flow
  distances》
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作者：
Bin Shen, Jiang Zhang, Qiuhua Zheng
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最新提交年份：
2015
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英文摘要：
  Based on the approach of flow distances, the international trade flow system is studied from the perspective of multi-layer flow network. A model of multi-layer flow network is proposed for modelling and analyzing multiple types of flows in flow systems. Then, flow distances are introduced, and symmetric minimum flow distance is presented. Subsequently, we discuss the establishment of the multi-layer flow networks of international trade from two coupled viewpoints, i.e., the viewpoint of commodity flow and that of money flow. Thus, the multi-layer flow networks of international trade is explored. First, trading \"trophic levels\" are adopted to depict positions that economies occupied in the flow network. We find that the distributions of trading \"trophic levels\" have the similar clustering pattern for different types of commodity, and there are some regularities between money flow network and commodity flow network. Second, we find that active and competitive countries trade a wide spectrum of products, while inactive and underdeveloped countries trade a limited variety of products. Besides, some abnormal countries import many types of goods, which the vast majority of countries do not need to import. It may indicate an abnormal economic status. Third, harmonic node centrality is proposed and we find the phenomenon of centrality stratification. It means that competitive countries tend to occupy the central positions in the trading of a large variety of commodities, while underdeveloped countries likely in the peripheral positions in the trading of their limited varieties of products. Fourth, we find that manufactured products have significant larger mean first-passage flow distances from the source to the sink than that of primary products.
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中文摘要：
基于流动距离法，从多层流动网络的角度研究了国际贸易流动系统。提出了一种多层流动网络模型，用于模拟和分析流动系统中的多种流动类型。然后，引入了流动距离，给出了对称最小流动距离。随后，我们从商品流动和货币流动两个耦合的角度讨论了国际贸易多层流动网络的建立。因此，我们探索了国际贸易的多层流动网络。首先，采用交易“营养水平”来描述经济体在流动网络中占据的头寸。我们发现，对于不同类型的商品，交易“营养水平”的分布具有相似的聚类模式，货币流网络和商品流网络之间存在一定的规律性。其次，我们发现，活跃和有竞争力的国家贸易的产品种类繁多，而不活跃和不发达的国家贸易的产品种类有限。此外，一些不正常的国家进口许多种类的商品，而绝大多数国家不需要进口。这可能表明经济状况异常。第三，提出了调和节点中心性，发现了中心分层现象。这意味着竞争性国家往往在多种商品的贸易中占据中心地位，而不发达国家在其有限种类的产品的贸易中可能处于边缘地位。第四，我们发现，与初级产品相比，制造产品从源到汇的平均第一通道流动距离显著更大。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society        物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：General Finance        一般财务
分类描述：Development of general quantitative methodologies with applications in finance
通用定量方法的发展及其在金融中的应用
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