1.
[作者] J.M. Robins and H. Morgenstern
[篇名] The foundations of confounding in epidemiology
[卷期] Computers & Mathematics with Applications.Volume 14, Issues 9-12, 1987, Pages 869-916
[链接] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0898122187902367
2.
[作者] R McNamee
[篇名] Education  Confounding and confounders
[卷期] Occup Environ Med 2003;60:227-234
[链接] http://oem.bmj.com/content/60/3/227.extract