目录

Contents
Preface to the Second Edition xi
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xv
Notational Conventions xvii
1 Introduction and Advertisement 1
2 Formal Preliminaries 5
3 Causation and Prediction:Axioms and Explications 19
4 Statistical Indistinguishability 59
5 Discovery Algorithms for Causally Sufficient Structures 73
6 Discovery Algorithms without Causal Sufficiency 123
7 Prediction 157
8 Regression,Causation,and Prediction 191
9 The Design of Empirical Studies 209
10 The Structure of the Unobserved 253
11 Elaborating Linear Theories with Unmeasured Variables 269
12 Prequels and Sequels 295
13 Proofs of Theorems 377
Notes 475
Glossary 481
References 495
Index 531