金融专业英语词汇系列（持续更新）

都都哇

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收藏 2011-09-24

这学期上了外教的课，要求很严格，他说美国的大学生就应该这样，先把资料分享如下：（学金融的，可以看起来了）

10 financial glossaries

2011/9/11 1st class

1. Barrier to entry : (进入市场壁垒)

Definition: Circumstances particular to a given industry that create disadvantages for new competitors attempting to enter the market. These may include government regulations, economic factors, and marketing conditions. Examples: Barriers to entry may be created, for example, when companies already in a market have patents that prevent their goods from being copied, when the cost of the advertising needed to gain a market share is too high, or when an existing product commands very strong brand loyalty.

2. Balance of trade:(贸易差额)

Definition: A country's exports minus its imports; the largest component of a country's balance of payments.

3. Black market：（黑市）

Definition: A market where products are bought and sold illegally.

4. Capitalism：（资本主义）

Definition: Economic system characterized by the following: private property ownership exists; individuals and companies are allowed to compete for their own economic gain; and free market forces determine the prices of goods and services. Such a system is based on the premise of separating the state and business activities. Capitalists believe that markets are efficient and should thus function without interference, and the role of the state is to regulate and protect.（The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of blessings; the inherent virtue of socialism is the equal sharing of miseries. ）

5. Commodity：(商品)

Definition: 1. A physical substance, such as food, grains, and metals, which is interchangeable with another product of the same type, and which investors buy or sell, usually through futures contracts. The price of the commodity is subject to supply and demand. Risk is actually the reason exchange trading of the basic agricultural products began. For example, a farmer risks the cost of producing a product ready for market at sometime in the future because he doesn't know what the selling price will be.

2. More generally, a product which trades on a commodity exchange; this would also include foreign currencies and financial instruments and indexes.

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都都哇

2011-9-24 22:50:39

6. Non-durable goods：（非耐用消费品）
Definition: A good which is immediately used by a consumer or which has an expected lifespan of three years or less. Examples of non-durable goods include food and clothing. opposite ofdurable goods. also called soft good.
7. Consumer price index：（消费物价指数）
Definition:
CPI. An inflationary indicator that measures the change in the cost of a fixed basket of products and services, including housing, electricity, food, and transportation. The CPI is published monthly. also called cost-of-living index.

8. Consumer discretionary: （非任意消费品）
Definition:
A category of industries, made up of companies which deal with products or services that are not necessities. The degree of spending and amount of consumption of these products and services varies depending upon the individual. These industries include automobiles, high-end clothing, restaurants, hotels, and luxury goods.

9. Credit facility：（信用透支）
Definition: A loan or collection of loans taken on by a corporation. These loans can be many different types, depending upon the needs of the company, and can vary from letters of credit to term loans, and can be committed or uncommitted.

10. Currency：（通货）
Definition: Any form of money that is in public circulation. Currency includes both hard money (coins) and soft money (paper money). Typically currency refers to money that is legally designated as such by the governing body, but in some cultures currency can refer to any object that has a perceived value and can be exchanged for other objects.