heavenless：当初我们是在争论交通法规是否公平时结识的，你也是我在这个地方论战的第一个对象。正好找到一则资料，看看美国人的研究吧，但愿你今后不是根据原则来看世界。祝你新年愉快！

The Effect of Automobile Insurance and Accident Liability Laws on Traffic Fatalities

ALMA COHEN National Bureau of Economic Research

Abstract: This paper investigates the incentive effects of automobile insurance, compulsory insurance laws, and no-fault liability laws on driver behavior and traffic fatalities. We analyze a panel of 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia from 1970-1998, a period in which many states adopted compulsory insurance regulations and/or no-fault laws. Using an instrumental variables approach, we find evidence that automobile insurance has moral hazard costs, leading to an increase in traffic fatalities. We also find that reductions in accident liability produced by no-fault liability laws have led to an increase in traffic fatalities (estimated to be on the order of 6%). Overall, our results indicate that, whatever other benefits they might produce, increases in the incidence of automobile insurance and moves to no-fault liability systems have significant negative effects on traffic fatalities. Keywords: No-fault laws, compulsory insurance, moral hazard JEL Classifications: G22, J28, K13