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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
REFACE .....................................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................iv
ABBREVIATIONS .....................................................................................................xii
KEY MESSAGES ......................................................................................................xiii
OVERVIEW ..............................................................................................................xvii
CHAPTER I.  GLOBAL TRENDS IN FDI
A.  GLOBAL TRENDS IN FDI FLOWS:
FROM A STEEP DECLINE TO A SLOW RECOVERY
1. Overall and geographical trends  
a.        FDI        inlows
b.                FDI        outlows
2. FDI by components
3. FDI by modes of entry
4. FDI by sector and industry
5. FDI by special funds
a.  Private equity funds
b.        Sovereign        wealth        funds       
.  INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION: THE GROWING ROLE
OF DEVELOPING AND TRANSITION ECONOMIES
C.  FDI PROSPECTS: A CAUTIOUS OPTIMISM ............................................................19
1.        FDI        lows        in        2010        and        beyond:        global        prospects ......................................................19
a.        Key        factors        inluencing        future        FDI        lows ..............................................................20
b. TNCs’ future plans.................................................................................................21
2. Prospects for FDI by type ..........................................................................................22
a. By mode of entry ...................................................................................................22
b. By industry ............................................................................................................23
c. By home region .....................................................................................................23
d. By host region ........................................................................................................24
CHAPTER II. REGIONAL TRENDS IN FDI .........................................................29
A.  REGIONAL TRENDS ......................................................................................................31
1. Developing countries .................................................................................................32
a. Africa .....................................................................................................................32
(i)  Recent trends ...................................................................................................32
(ii)        New        sources        of        investment        in        Africa ..............................................................34
b. Asia ........................................................................................................................38
(i)  South, East and South-East Asia .....................................................................38
(1) Recent trends ................................................................................................38(2)        FDI        and        industrial        upgrading        in        Asia:        new        features        and        opportunities ........40(ii) West Asia .........................................................................................................43c. Latin America and the Caribbean ..........................................................................45(i)  Recent trends ...................................................................................................45(ii) The emergence of Latin American TNCs ........................................................472.        South-East        Europe        and        the        Commonwealth        of        Independent        States ..........................50a. Recent trends .........................................................................................................50b.        Foreign        banks        in        South-East        Europe        and        the        global        inancial        crisis .....................523. Developed countries ..................................................................................................55a. Recent trends .........................................................................................................55b.        Impacts        of        outward        FDI        on        home-country        employment .......................................57B.  TRENDS IN STRUCTURALLY WEAK, VULNERABLE AND SMALL ECONOMIES ....................................................................................................................601. Least developed countries ..........................................................................................60a. Recent trends .........................................................................................................60b.        Enhancing        interaction        between        ODA        and        FDI ......................................................622. Landlocked developing countries ..............................................................................64a. Recent trends .........................................................................................................64b. Overcoming barriers to FDI in LLDCs .................................................................653. Small island developing States ..................................................................................68a. Recent trends .........................................................................................................68b. Identifying and exploiting SIDS' FDI potential ....................................................69CHAPTER III. RECENT POLICY DEVELOPMENTS ........................................75A.  NATIONAL POLICY DEVELOPMENTS.....................................................................761. Investment liberalization and promotion ...................................................................762. Investment regulation ................................................................................................783. Economic stimulus packages and State aid ...............................................................79B.  THE INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT REGIME ....................................................811. Developments in 2009 ...............................................................................................812. Systemic evolution of the international investment regime .......................................83a.        Review        of        model        BITs ...........................................................................................85b. Termination of IIAs ...............................................................................................85c. Renegotiation of BITs ............................................................................................86d. Modernizing IIA content .......................................................................................86e. Developments regarding ISDS ..............................................................................883. Possible future direction of the IIA regime ................................................................90C.  OTHER INVESTMENT-RELATED INITIATIVES ....................................................911. Investment in agriculture ...........................................................................................912. G20 and G8 investment-related policy actions ..........................................................913.        Investment        and        inancial        system        reforms ...................................................................924.        Investments        by        sovereign        wealth        funds .....................................................................945. Political risk insurance ...............................................................................................94D.  CONCLUDING REMARKS .......................................................................................... 95CHAPTER IV. LEVERAGING FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOR A LOW-CARBON ECONOMY .......................................................................99A.  SETTING THE CONTEXT ..........................................................................................100B.  THE CHARACTERISTICS AND SCOPE OF LOW-CARBON FOREIGN INVESTMENT ...............................................................................................................1031.        Low-carbon        foreign        investment        and        the        value        chain ...............................................1032.        The        demand        for        low-carbon        foreign        investment        by        sector ......................................1063.        Low-carbon        FDI        is        signiicant        and        its        potential        huge ..............................................111C.  DRIVERS AND DETERMINANTS OF LOW-CARBON   FOREIGN INVESTMENT ............................................................................................1151. Drivers .....................................................................................................................1152. Locational determinants ...........................................................................................117D.  STRATEGIES FOR LOW-CARBON FOREIGN INVESTMENT: POLICY OPTIONS........................................................................................................................1201.        Weighing        the        pros        and        cons        of        promoting        low-carbon        foreign        investment .............1202. Strategizing national clean investment promotion ...................................................121a.        Mainstreaming        foreign        investment        into        low-carbon        development        strategies ......121b.        Creating        an        enabling        policy        framework ..............................................................123c.        Policies        to        build        on        new        business        opportunities ..................................................126d.        Promoting        low-carbon        foreign        investment ..........................................................128