chap. 2 The resting membrane potential
   chap. 3 Action potential
第二章 细胞旳兴奋
from Berne & Levy Principles of Physiology                          (4th ed) 2023
chap. 16 Electrical activity of the heart
chap. 17 Natural excitation of the heart
Observations of Membrane Potentials
4. ACTION PONTIELS
1. IONIC EQUILIBRIA
2. RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIALS
3. SUBTHRESHOLD RESPONSES
5. 心肌细胞和起搏细胞旳动作电位
Observations of Membrane Potentials
Extracellular recording