An Introduction to Linguistics语言学导论             陈林华
Chapter One LinguisticsDefinitionLinguistics differs from other sciences in that it both uses languages as the tool and takes languages as its object to study.3.Philology → Linguistics  (语文学） （语言学）
In the mid of 19thF.De Saussure (the founder of general linguistics）
4. Linguistic study  (1) diachronic study 历时性学习     Study the development of language in the course of     time.     研究语言在不同步期旳特点。  (2) synchronic study 共时性学习     Study linguistics  ...