tax allowance is the free bit you don't pay tax on whereas tax credit is what you can get back although sometimes they can be deducted at source. Hope it helps.
seems clear a little bit. But still not very clear.
let us suppose the tax rate is 25%, the pre-tax revenue is 100. the tax needed si 25.
if I could get the tax allowance or tax credit, say 10%, what is the tax needed under allowance or credit.
Allowance是津贴,限额,折扣等意思,在税务上tax allowance指允许不上税的收入(An amount of income that can be earned tax-free)。
Tax credit泛指多交的税,或可减少的税(A tax credit is a reduction in the amount of tax you need to pay)。
他们是不同的概念,不可比。可比的是税后的结果。
你研发费用加计扣除的例子没有allowance。费用即使可以加计扣除也不应叫allowance。但有这研发费用100比没有确实减少了37.5的税,或者比普通费用100减少了12.5的税(50*25%)。
这样说吧,如果你已预交了或算好了应交的税,现在可选择要么收入里有100变成tax allowance,要么支出中有100变成可加计扣除的研发费用,不同的选择产生不同的减税结果或tax credit,前者是25(比没有allowance),后者是12.5(比不是可加计扣除费用)。
也就是说tax allowance是税前金额,要算成由它产生的可减的税tax credit,才可以与其他项目产生的tax credit相比。