Acknowledgments xxix
Introduction xxxi
Chapter 1: Programming Basics and Strings  1
How Programming Is Different from Using a Computer  1
Programming Is Consistency  2
Programming Is Control  2
Programming Copes with Change  2
What All That Means Together  3
The First Steps  3
Starting codeEditor  3
Using codeEditor’s Python Shell  4
Try It Out: Starting the Python Shell  4
Beginning to Use Python — Strings  5
What Is a String?  5
Why the Quotes?  6
Try It Out: Entering Strings with Different Quotes  6
Understanding Different Quotes  6
Putting Two Strings Together  8
Try It Out: Using + to Combine Strings  8
Putting Strings Together in Different Ways  9
Try It Out: Using a Format Specifier to Populate a String  9
Try It Out: More String Formatting  9
Displaying Strings with Print  10
Try It Out: Printing Text with Print  10
Summary  10
Exercises  11
Chapter 2: Numbers and Operators  13
Different Kinds of Numbers  13
Numbers in Python  14
Try It Out: Using Type with Different Numbers  14
Try It Out: Creating an Imaginary Number  15
Contents
Program Files  15
Try It Out: Using the Shell with the Editor  16
Using the Different Types  17
Try It Out Including Different Numbers in Strings  18
Try It Out: Escaping the % Sign in Strings  18
Basic Math  19
Try It Out Doing Basic Math  19
Try It Out: Using the Modulus Operation  20
Some Surprises  20
Try It Out: Printing the Results  21
Using Numbers  21
Order of Evaluation  21
Try It Out: Using Math Operations  21
Number Formats  22
Try It Out: Using Number Formats  22
Mistakes Will Happen  23
Try It Out: Making Mistakes  23
Some Unusual Cases  24
Try It Out: Formatting Numbers as Octal and Hexadecimal  24
Summary  24
Exercises  25
Chapter 3: Variables — Names for Values  27
Referring to Data – Using Names for Data  27
Try It Out: Assigning Values to Names  28
Changing Data Through Names  28
Try It Out: Altering Named Values  29
Copying Data  29
Names You Can’t Use and Some Rules  29
Using More Built-in Types  30
Tuples — Unchanging Sequences of Data  30
Try It Out: Creating and Using a Tuple  30
Try It Out: Accessing a Tuple Through Another Tuple  31
Lists — Changeable Sequences of Data  33
Try It Out Viewing the Elements of a List  33
Dictionaries — Groupings of Data Indexed by Name  34
Try It Out: Making a Dictionary  34
Try It Out: Getting the Keys from a Dictionary  35
Treating a String Like a List  36
Special Types  38
Contents
Other Common Sequence Properties  38
Referencing the Last Elements  38
Ranges of Sequences  39
Try It Out: Slicing Sequences  39
Growing Lists by Appending Sequences  40
Using Lists to Temporarily Store Data  40
Try It Out: Popping Elements from a List  40
Summary  41
Exercises  42
Chapter 4: Making Decisions  43
Comparing Values — Are They the Same?  43
Try It Out: Comparing Values for Sameness  43
Doing the Opposite — Not Equal  45
Try It Out: Comparing Values for Difference  45
Comparing Values — Which One Is More?  45
Try It Out: Comparing Greater Than and Less Than  45
More Than or Equal, Less Than or Equal  47
Reversing True and False  47
Try It Out: Reversing the Outcome of a Test  47
Looking for the Results of More Than One Comparison  48
How to Get Decisions Made  48
Try It Out: Placing Tests within Tests  49
Repetition 51
How to Do Something — Again and Again  51
Try It Out: Using a while Loop  51
Stopping the Repetition  52
Try It Out: Using else While Repeating  54
Try It Out: Using continue to Keep Repeating  54
Handling Errors  55
Trying Things Out  55
Try It Out: Creating an Exception with Its Explanation  56
Summary  57
Exercises  58
Chapter 5: Functions  59
Putting Your Program into Its Own File  59
Try It Out: Run a Program with Python -i  61

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