做计量模型时,被解释变量是经常项目占GDP余额,解释变量中包含被解释变量的滞后一期,其它的解释变量包括人口抚养比、经济增长率、人均GDP收入、实际汇率指数、经济开放度等。样本期是1980到2013年,样本内的横截面有62个。现在遇到的问题是,由于包含被解释变量滞后项,同时经济增长率等指标和解释变量又似乎存在双向影响关系,所以想采用动态面板模型。但是实际在stata中跑模型发现,不知道是不是因为我的样本期并不短,所以number of instruments总是很大,难以通过sargan检验。
请问这样的情况到底是用动态面板还是一般的固定效应或者随机效应就好?
下面是我stata的结果:
Dynamic panel-data estimation, one-step system GMM
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Group variable: ctry_dum Number of obs = 2002
Time variable : year Number of groups = 62
Number of instruments = 199 Obs per group: min = 23
F(9, 1992) = 24.21 avg = 32.29
Prob > F = 0.000 max = 33
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ca | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval]
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ca |
L1. | .0928963 .0235206 3.95 0.000 .0467688 .1390239
|
dro | -.3259669 .1038963 -3.14 0.002 -.5297237 -.1222101
dry | -.0595846 .0273438 -2.18 0.029 -.11321 -.0059592
fdi | -.6980911 .0812633 -8.59 0.000 -.8574611 -.5387211
fin | -.0146534 .0095352 -1.54 0.125 -.0333533 .0040466
gdpg | .758475 .1576292 4.81 0.000 .4493396 1.067611
tra | .0399066 .008352 4.78 0.000 .023527 .0562862
reer | -8.74e-08 3.43e-06 -0.03 0.980 -6.82e-06 6.64e-06
gdppc | .0002822 .0000622 4.54 0.000 .0001603 .0004041
_cons | -1.105782 2.562358 -0.43 0.666 -6.130966 3.919401
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Instruments for first differences equation
Standard
D.(dro dry fin fdi tra reer)
GMM-type (missing=0, separate instruments for each period unless collapsed)
L2.(ca gdpg gdppc)
Instruments for levels equation
Standard
dro dry fin fdi tra reer
_cons
GMM-type (missing=0, separate instruments for each period unless collapsed)
DL.(ca gdpg gdppc)
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Arellano-Bond test for AR(1) in first differences: z = -11.08 Pr > z = 0.000
Arellano-Bond test for AR(2) in first differences: z = 0.72 Pr > z = 0.474
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Sargan test of overid. restrictions: chi2(189) = 347.35 Prob > chi2 = 0.000
(Not robust, but not weakened by many instruments.)
Difference-in-Sargan tests of exogeneity of instrument subsets:
GMM instruments for levels
Sargan test excluding group: chi2(93) = 68.25 Prob > chi2 = 0.975
Difference (null H = exogenous): chi2(96) = 279.10 Prob > chi2 = 0.000
iv(dro dry fin fdi tra reer)
Sargan test excluding group: chi2(183) = 310.76 Prob > chi2 = 0.000
Difference (null H = exogenous): chi2(6) = 36.58 Prob > chi2 = 0.000