英文文献：Empirical Analysis of the Environmental Benefits of Compliance with GLOBALGAP Standards Among Smallholder Farmers in Eastern and Central Kenya: An Environmental Valuation Approach-肯尼亚东部和中部小农遵守GLOBALGAP标准的环境效益实证分析:一种环境评估方法
英文文献作者：Karira, Wanderi J.,Mburu, John I.,Guthiga, Paul M.
英文文献摘要：
Increasing calls for an African green revolution are being made so that Africa can increase its food production; thus enhancing its ability to feed its high population while exploiting emerging opportunities in developed country markets. This will involve an increased use of agro-chemicals. Use of agro-chemicals by sometimes lowly educated farmers in developing countries is associated with health and environmental degradation risks. Health risks to consumers manifest themselves through high levels of pesticide residues in food commodities; this led to development of the mandatory GLOBALGAP standards. Though primarily focused on consumer interests, compliance with GLOBALGAP standards is increasingly being associated with farmer level benefits. Besides conferring market access; studies show the existence of quantifiable health benefits which accrue to GLOBALGAP compliant farmers. Studies also allude to existence of environmental benefits of compliance. Through data obtained from farmers in Eastern and Central Kenya, this paper uses Contingent Valuation Approach to estimate the economic value of changes in soil quality to empirically analyze the environmental benefits of compliance with GLOBALGAP standards. Further, factors (including compliance) influencing the economic value of changes in soil quality are analyzed. Compliance is found to have quantifiable environmental benefits to smallholder farmers as seen by the higher economic value of changes in soil quality and the positive and significant influence of compliance on the economic value of changes in soil quality. Agri-regulation is thus a useful tool that can be applied to enhance sustainability in Africa’s increasingly intensive agriculture.

越来越多的人呼吁非洲进行绿色革命，这样非洲就能增加粮食产量;从而提高其养活其大量人口的能力，同时开发发达国家市场的新机会。这将涉及增加农用化学品的使用。发展中国家教育程度低的农民使用农用化学品与健康和环境退化风险有关。对消费者的健康风险表现在食品中有高水平的杀虫剂残余;这导致了强制性的GLOBALGAP标准的制定。虽然主要关注的是消费者利益，但遵守GLOBALGAP标准正越来越多地与农民层面的利益联系起来。除了给予市场准入外;研究表明，遵守《全球algap》的农民存在可量化的健康利益。研究还提到遵守规定的环境利益的存在。通过从肯尼亚东部和中部的农民获得的数据，本文使用条件估值方法来估计土壤质量变化的经济价值，以经验分析遵守GLOBALGAP标准的环境效益。进一步分析了影响土壤质量变化经济价值的因素(包括顺应性)。从土壤质量变化的较高经济价值和土壤质量变化的经济价值的正向显著影响来看，合规对小农具有可量化的环境效益。因此，农业管制是一种有用的工具，可用于加强非洲日益密集的农业的可持续性。