英文文献：Resource Productivity Analysis of Small Scale Root and Tuber Crop Farmers in Niger State, Nigeria-尼日利亚尼日尔州小型块茎作物农民的资源生产力分析
英文文献作者：Ojo, M.A.,Nmadu, J.N.,Tanko, L.,Olaleye, R.S.
英文文献摘要：
The study examined resource productivity analysis of small scale root and tuber crop farmers in Niger State, Nigeria. Data used for the study were obtained from primary source using a multi-stage sampling technique with structured questionnaires administered to 150 randomly selected root and tuber crop farmers from the study area. Descriptive statistics such as means, standard deviations, frequency distribution table and percentages were used to summarize the variables used in the analysis while data envelopment analysis was used to empirically determine the resource productivity in the study area. The DEA result on the overall technical efficiency of the farmers showed that 6% of the sampled root and tuber crop farmers in the study area were operating at frontier and optimum level of production with mean technical efficiency of 1.00. Decomposition of technical efficiency also showed mean efficiency scores of 0.25 and 0.32 for overall technical efficiency and scale efficiency respectively meaning that, on average, the sampled farms were more scale efficient than they are technically efficient. The study further revealed that most of the farms could reduce total expenditures on the farm land, labour, planting material, agrochemical, fertilizer and capital inputs by 8.17%, 5.17%, 29.53%, 23.71%, 0.09% and 10.08%, respectively without reducing their current level of production. The study therefore recommended that root and tuber crop farmers in the study area should form cooperative societies so as to enable them have access to productive inputs that will enable them expand. This will as well increase efficiency of resource utilization. Also, since few farms were robustly efficient, the farmers in the study area, enhanced research, extension delivery and farm advisory services should be put in place for farmers to learn the best farm practices carried out on the robustly efficient farms. This will go a long way to increase the efficiency level of the farmers in the study area.

该研究检查了尼日利亚尼日尔州小型块茎作物农民的资源生产力分析。本研究使用的数据来自原始来源，采用多阶段抽样技术，随机从研究区抽取150名种植块茎作物的农民，并发放结构化问卷。采用均值、标准差、频数分布表和百分比等描述性统计对分析中使用的变量进行总结，采用数据包络分析对研究区域的资源生产率进行实证确定。对农户整体技术效率的DEA结果显示，研究区6%的块根作物农户处于前沿和最优生产水平，平均技术效率为1.00。对技术效率的分解也显示，整体技术效率和规模效率的平均效率分值分别为0.25和0.32，意味着平均而言，被抽样农场的规模效率大于其技术效率。研究进一步显示，大部分农场在不降低现有生产水平的前提下，可将农地、劳动力、种植材料、农药、化肥和资本投入的总支出分别降低8.17%、5.17%、29.53%、23.71%、0.09%和10.08%。因此，该研究建议研究地区的块茎作物农民应组成合作社，使他们能够获得生产性投入，使他们能够扩大生产。这也将提高资源利用效率。此外，由于效率极高的农场很少，因此应加强研究范围内的农民、加强研究、推广服务和农场顾问服务，让农民学习在效率极高的农场推行的最佳农场做法。这对提高研究地区农民的效率水平有很大的帮助。