英文文献：Measuring consumers’ interest in instant fortified millet products - a field experiment in Touba, Senegal-衡量消费者对速食强化小米产品的兴趣——塞内加尔Touba的一项田间实验
英文文献作者：De Groote, Hugo,Kariuki, Sarah,Traore, Djibril,Taylor, John R.N.,Mario, Ferruzi,Hamaker, Bruce
英文文献摘要：
Cereals are the major staples in most African countries, where food processing industries are emerging fast. New low-cost extruders allow small enterprises to enter the market for processed cereal products, including instant, fortified and flavored mixes. Before engaging in the marketing of these products, consumers’ interest needs to be assessed. This study used a combination of affective tests and experimental auctions with 200 consumers in Touba, Senegal, to evaluate four new products with conventional millet four as control: instant millet flour, instant millet flour with added mango and carrot extract, and the previous product with added micronutrients from either synthetic or natural origin. During affective tests, consumers made little distinction between the five products for appearance, aroma, taste and overall appreciation. The experimental auctions showed that, without providing additional information on the products, there is no difference in WTP between them. However, after that information is provided, consumers are willing to pay a modest premium for instant flour, and a large premium for added mango and carrot extract and for added micronutrients, but not for micronutrients from natural sources. Income increases overall WTP, while education increases WTP for instant flour. We conclude that there is a potential market for instant and fortified millet flour in Touba, but likely in the higher income and education groups. The increased cost needs to be compared to the premiums consumers are willing to pay. In the next step, the new and promising products could be tested in pilot markets, with target consumers.

谷物是大多数非洲国家的主要主食，这些国家的食品加工业正在迅速发展。新型低成本挤压机使小型企业得以进入谷物加工产品市场，包括速溶、强化和调味混合食品。在从事这些产品的营销之前，需要评估消费者的兴趣。本研究结合情感测试和实验拍卖的200消费者在图巴、塞内加尔、评估四个新产品与传统的小米四控制:即时小米面粉,即时小米面粉添加了芒果和胡萝卜提取物,和之前的产品添加微量元素的合成或天然的起源。在情感测试中，消费者对这五种产品在外观、香气、口感和整体评价上没有太大区别。实验拍卖表明，在不提供有关产品的额外信息的情况下，它们之间的期望收益没有差别。然而，在这些信息被提供之后，消费者愿意为即食面粉支付适度的溢价，为添加的芒果和胡萝卜提取物支付大量溢价，为添加的微量营养素支付溢价，但不愿意为天然来源的微量营养素支付溢价。收入增加了面粉的总折算率，而教育增加了速溶面粉的折算率。我们的结论是，速食强化小米粉在Touba有一个潜在的市场，但很可能是在高收入和教育群体中。增加的成本需要与消费者愿意支付的保费进行比较。在下一步，新的和有前景的产品可以在试点市场测试，目标消费者。