MATLAB课程：代码示例之Mathematics（二）

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收藏 2016-03-07

MATLAB课程：代码示例之Mathematics（二）

Integer Arithmetic

This example shows how to perform arithmetic on integer data representing signals and images.

Load Integer Signal Data

Load measurement datasets comprising signals from four instruments using 8 and 16-bit A-to-D's resulting in data saved as int8, int16 and uint16. Time is stored as uint16.

load integersignal% Look at variableswhos Signal1 Signal2 Signal3 Signal4 Time1

Name Size Bytes Class Attributes Signal1 7550x1 7550 int8 Signal2 7550x1 7550 int8 Signal3 7550x1 15100 int16 Signal4 7550x1 15100 uint16 Time1 7550x1 15100 uint16

Plot Data

First we will plot two of the signals to see the signal ranges.

plot(Time1, Signal1, Time1, Signal2);grid;legend('Signal1','Signal2');

Here we see the values for int8. It is likely that these values would need to be scaled to calculate the actual physical value that the signal represents e.g. Volts.

Process Data

We can perform standard arithmetic on integers such as +, -, *, and /. Let's say we wished to find the sum of Signal1 and Signal2.

SumSig = Signal1 + Signal2; % Here we sum the integer signals.

Now let's plot the sum signal and see where it saturates.

cla;plot(Time1, SumSig);hold onSaturated = (SumSig == intmin('int8')) | (SumSig == intmax('int8')); % Find where it has saturatedplot(Time1(Saturated),SumSig(Saturated),'rd')gridhold off

The markers show where the signal has saturated.

Load Integer Image Data

Next we will look at arithmetic on some image data.

street1 = imread('street1.jpg'); % Load image datastreet2 = imread('street2.jpg');whos street1 street2

Name Size Bytes Class Attributes street1 480x640x3 921600 uint8 street2 480x640x3 921600 uint8

Here we see the images are 24-bit color, stored as three planes of uint8 data.

Display Images

Display first image.

cla;image(street1); % Display imageaxis equalaxis off

Display second image

image(street2); % Display imageaxis equalaxis off

Scale an Image

We can scale the image by a double precision constant but keep the image stored as integers. For example,

duller = 0.5 * street2; % Scale image with a double constant but create an integerwhos duller

Name Size Bytes Class Attributes duller 480x640x3 921600 uint8

subplot(1,2,1);image(street2);axis off equal tighttitle('Original'); % Display imagesubplot(1,2,2);image(duller);axis off equal tighttitle('Duller'); % Display image

Add the Images

We can add the two street images together and plot the ghostly result.

combined = street1 + duller; % Add |uint8| imagessubplot(1,1,1)cla;image(combined); % Display imagetitle('Combined');axis equalaxis off

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