I don't think it has not been done in formal economic analysis - it may the case in China (even that I am not sure), but certainly there are considerable literature that employs formal economic tools to study the so called carbon economics. Some may be in terms of emissions reductions.
It is generally a case of externality of carbon consumption. It is generally at the global scale, so the practical policy question becomes complicated because of potential problems of free riders.
The US refusal to ratify the Kyoto Protocol also created its own problem. As a result, relatively fewer studies were from the US.
The best policy is to impose a global carbon tax to meet the sions reduction target, and the distribute the tax revenue from all countries on a per capita basis to every country. But politically, very few politicians are advercating for that both for domestic and international political reasons.

2楼分析的很好。我也是赞同低碳经济可以进入经济学范式

您在分析中谈到了国际上流行的降低碳排的政策手段——碳税，关于该手段的经济学分析方法也很多，中国国内也已经很关注这个问题了。关于碳税的政策效率和代内公平问题我们先放下不论，您能帮忙介绍一下现在的分析中都使用了哪些经济学分析手段吗？谢谢！

关注中，谢谢！

好前沿的讨论题目，极具价值