英文文献：Economic Efficiency, Structure and Scale Economies in the U.S. Dairy Sector-美国乳制品行业的经济效率、结构和规模经济
英文文献作者：Mosheim, Roberto,Lovell, C.A. Knox
英文文献摘要：
This study uses a new dataset based on the 2000 Agricultural Resource Management Survey, the most recent national survey of dairy producers in the United States. A shadow cost function is employed to decompose and analyze economic efficiency and scale economies. The study details the development of the data employed in the analysis and focuses on the estimation of scale relationships across farms in different regions and of different sizes. Preliminary results point to important scale economies and suggest that surviving small farms are on average more economically efficient but can exploit scale economies to a much lesser degree than larger farms. The preferred specification of the cost function does not show a region of decreasing returns to scale.

这项研究使用了一个基于2000年农业资源管理调查的新数据集，该调查是对美国乳制品生产者的最新全国性调查。利用影子成本函数对经济效率和规模经济进行分解和分析。该研究详细介绍了分析中使用的数据的发展，并着重于估计不同地区和不同规模的农场之间的规模关系。初步结果指出了重要的规模经济，并表明生存下来的小型农场平均来说经济效率更高，但在利用规模经济方面的能力远不及大型农场。成本函数的优选说明并没有显示出收益成比例递减的区域。