英文文献：Where and How: Low-Income Consumer Food Shopping Behavior-在哪里和如何:低收入消费者购买食品的行为
英文文献作者：Leibtag, Ephraim S.,Lynch, Kara
英文文献摘要：
This paper investigates the food purchase behavior of low-income households across two dimensions: the types of stores they choose to shop at and the frequency of coupon usage for food purchases. Expenditure share analysis shows little difference between income groups in terms of expenditure shares across store types. The main difference occurs between metro and non-metro households. Since metro areas tend to have more grocery stores and fewer supercenters, while rural, non-metro areas tend to have more supercenters, the key result from this section is that non-metro households spend a greater share of their food budget at supercenter and warehouse club stores. We then segment consumers into coupon users and nonusers in order to better understand coupon usage behavior in the ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal market. The results indicate that white, middle-income households with a college education are more prone to redeem coupons. Households in the low-income group are less likely to use coupons, as are households in rural, non-metro areas. Surprisingly, household size is not a significant variable for coupon use in our data, although this is usually an important determinant in the coupon usage literature. Our result is plausible, however, since we use a number of demographic variables as explanatory in this analysis and these other measures may be the true determinants of coupon usage, but may be correlated with household size.

摘要本文从低收入家庭选择购买食品的商店类型和使用食品优惠券的频率两个维度对低收入家庭的食品购买行为进行调查。支出份额分析显示，收入组之间的支出份额的不同商店类型。主要的区别出现在地铁家庭和非地铁家庭之间。由于都市区往往有更多的杂货店和更少的购物中心，而农村和非都市区往往有更多的购物中心，这部分的关键结果是，非都市区家庭在购物中心和仓储俱乐部商店的食品预算占比更大。为了更好地理解即食(RTE)谷物市场的优惠券使用行为，我们将消费者分为优惠券用户和非用户。研究结果表明，中等收入、受过大学教育的白人家庭更倾向于兑换优惠券。低收入家庭使用优惠券的可能性较小，农村和非都市区的家庭也是如此。令人惊讶的是，在我们的数据中，家庭规模并不是优惠券使用的一个重要变量，尽管这通常是优惠券使用文献中的一个重要决定因素。然而，我们的结果是可信的，因为我们在分析中使用了大量的人口统计变量作为解释，而这些其他措施可能是优惠券使用的真正决定因素，但可能与家庭规模相关。