• Esteve, A., García‐Román, J., & Permanyer, I. (2012). The Gender‐Gap Reversal in Education and Its Effect on Union Formation: The End of Hypergamy?. Population and Development Review, 38(3), 535-546.
  Introduction 18
  Union-formation is in many ways a gender-asymmetrical process. This asymmetry has been a characteristic both of societies in which marriages are arranged and of those in which they are based on romantic love. Although arranged marriage are often gender-symmetrical within such characteristics as ethnicity, race, caste, or religion, the conditions and implications of marriage for women and men are highly asymmetrical, as exemplified by the ancient custom of dowry.
  描述现象方式的开篇。尽管这个现象被他描述的并不生动，如果大家喜欢看国外新闻的话，通常有很多feature的文章都是特别好的社会现象，并且描述方式也很吸引人。Union-formation 我不知道是否有这么一个专业词汇，后面再细看是什么意思。Gender-asymmetrical process, 描述性别差异的一个小词。….. of societies 两种类型，一种marriages are arranged, 另外一种 they are based on romantic love.  然后针对arranged marriages 在很多方面，例如ethnicity, race, caste 和religion, 哦哦， 我明白了，这个是说在这些方面是门当户对方可，所以要同质，homogeneous, 也可以用gender-symmetrical, 但是the condition and implication of marriage ,例如， dowry 对男和女却是意味不同的。
  As societies underwent the transition from arranged to free-choice unions, individual characteristics gradually took precedence over ascribed ones in mate selection, and educational attainment became a major structuring dimension within marriage markets. While educational homogamy remains the rule, educational hypergamy has been pervasive within heterogamous unions. (education hypergamy refers to those unions in which the wife has a lower educational attainment than her husband, homogamy to unions between persons of similar education).
  这一段属于科普知识， 通过free-choice unions, 我们大概明白了union-formation 大概有联结过程的意思。 这个society underwent 的transition 是怎样的呢，是从arranged to free-choice unions. 后面还有individual characteristics  超越（注意用take precedence ）over ascribed ones, 这是另外一对形容这个转变的词汇，这时候用mate selection 应该和union-formation有类似之意吧。 后面解释了education homogamy 和education hypergamy 的含义，小伙伴们明白了吗。 Homogamy 和hypergamy是现成的词，他算是自创了education方面，因而解释了一下，refers to  …. Has a lower educational attainment 我觉得attainment用的好，要是我又用education level了）， of similar education 也显得很简洁。
  Several studies have documented the former ubiquity of hypergamy and its gradual disappearance over time in a limited number of countries. The extent to which this trend of decreasing hypergamy is connected to the worldwide rise in female educational attainment is the subject of this article.
  “Ubiquity”指到处存在的，是一个很好的词，增加你的文化程度。Several studies have documented, 注意document这个词，和investigate, examine, study, explore等词进行替换。 The extent to which …程度是本研究的课题， 注意，程度，有可能意味着是一些描述性的，差异性的研究喽， the subject of this article, focus of this research 等等，我记得还有一个和focus替换的单词，但是现在记不起来了。
  The impressive expansion in educational opportunities and attainment that the world has witnessed in recent years has been accompanied by a significant decrease in the gender gap in education. In some high- and middle-income countries, younger women are attaining higher levels of education than men, and the same trend is likely to occur in other countries as well. Figure 1 illustrate these trends. The figure combines data on educational attainment for men and women aged 25-29 years in 120 countries for the period 1970-2000 and population projections by level of educational attainment in the same countries for 2010-2050. Proportion of men and women with some tertiary education have been increasing during recent decades in most of these countries and are projected to continue to increase during the next 40 years. Women’s educational attainment is expected to rise faster than men’s, and the number of countries in which women have more education than men is expected to rise as well.
  我客观的讲， 这个作者的语言有些啰嗦，这么一大段就讲了一个意思，就是很多国家人们的教育水平在提升，并且女人教育水平提升的速度和比例甚至高过男人。先学习语言吧。什么伴随着什么，可以用…. has been accompanied by a significant decrease in gender gap in education.
  Younger women are attaining …the same trend is likely to occur….. the figure combines …..proportion of men and women ….women’s educational attainment is expected to …..the number of countries …..
  可以看到这一段用了不同的主语在表达相似的意思，这也许是他说了很多话，但你依然还觉得没有那么乏味的原因。
  诸位小亲友，经过Timpani_Jiang的推荐，我将文章都放入了文库 英语论文写作每日一帖，如果你们喜欢我的内容，可以点击下方订阅 下方的文库，这样我的每日更新就会自动在你的页面上出现了。
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