Emmanuel Macron railed against nationalism as a “betrayal of patriotism” in an implicit rebuke from the French president to his US counterpart Donald Trump in Paris on the centenary of the end of the first world war.

Addressing Mr Trump and dozens of world leaders, Mr Macron said: “By saying ‘Our interests first. Who cares about the others?’ we erase what a nation holds dearest, what gives it life, what makes it great, and what is essential: its moral values.”