后文也提到smoothing allows for the desirable output expansion to hold irrespective of the spillover level.
smoothing应该是指平滑吧
investment smoothing 就是投资平滑 或者 投资修匀

你给点上下文吧，貌似这不是一个术语

2# caesarmahujie

The social and private optimality of the R&D cartel extends d’Aspremont andJacquemin’s(1988) conclusion to the whole range of  b because of investment smoothing, which is absent by definition in a static setup.The economic
interpretation is that smoothing allows for the desirable output expansion (and the associated increase in consumer surplus) to hold irrespective of the spillover level.

小弟先谢过了

可以解释为投资的逐渐平滑

那么“平滑投入”和“一次性投入”有什么区别
假设投入的成本函数是凸的，投入的利润函数是凹的，那么“平滑投入”和“一次性投入”对均衡点有什么区别呢