Eviews 中在用WLS 消除异方差性时,Options-Type里面有几个选项,分别是:
None、
Inverse std. dev、
Inverse variance、
Std. deviation
Variance
设权重W=1/X^2
四组选项输出的结果:1和2完全相同;3和4完全相同;1.2.3.4参数、显著性水平都相同
1.Type: Inverse variance; Weight series: 1/X^2
2.Type: Variance; Weight series: X^2
3.Type: Inverse std. dev; Weight series: 1/X Scaling:averge(默认:Eviews default)
4.Type: Std. deviation; Weight series: X
如图所示:
1.Type: Inverse variance; Weight series: 1/X^2
2.Type: Variance; Weight series: X^2
3.Type: Inverse std. dev; Weight series: 1/X Scaling:averge(默认:Eviews default)
4.Type: Std. deviation; Weight series: X
使用版本7.2
复制几段文字:
“在EViews中做WLS估计需要你提供一个权重变量,然后指定这个权重变量与方差(这里是指的异方差,否者不需要权重)的关系,如果是权重与方差成比例就选variance,与标准差成比例就选std devition,与方差或标准差的倒数成比例就选inverse variance, inverse std dev。通常情况下,异方差都是与方差的倒数或标准差的倒数成比例,所以选inverse variance, inverse std dev的时候多。下面的scaling,选择eviews default 就行了。”
这个在eviews的操作手册里有讲到,具体见user guide II chapter two, Page 40。一般来说 最常用的是inverse std. dev, scaling 选为 default 就可以了。
“Unless there is good reason to do so, we recommend that you employ Inverse std.
dev. weights with EViews default scaling, even if it means you must transform your
weight series. The other weight types and scaling methods were introduced in EViews
7, so equations estimated using the alternate settings may not be read by prior versions
of EViews.”
另外《计量经济学》庞皓130页上的案例,用的是 type: inverse variance 和 weight:1/X^2.
老师给我们讲过, 输出结果中Weighted Statistics 中是没有意义不用看的,关键是要得到估计的系数,如果这几种选项的估计系数是一样的话,那么不用纠结到底怎么选择。WLS尝试消除异方差后,我们还需要再做一次异方差检验。