呵呵，大力支持

中科院2001年博士英语入学试题
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (60 minutes, 30 points)
Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
It took no time at all for the native Americans who first greeted Christopher Columbus to be all but erased from the face of the earth. For about a thousand years the peaceful people known as the Taino had thrived in modem-day Cuba and many other islands. But less than 30 years after Columbus' arrival, the Taino would be destroyed by Spanish weaponry, forced labor and European diseases. Unlike their distant cousins, the Inca, Aztecs and Maya, the Taino left no pyramids or temples-no obvious signs that they had ever existed.
But it is a mistake to assume-as many scholars have until quite recently that the absence of abundant artifacts meant the Taino were necessarily more primitive than the grander civilizations of Central and South America. They simply used less durable materials: the Taino relied on wood for building and most craftwork, and much of what they made has disintegrated over the centuries. However, thanks largely to two remarkable digs undertaken recently, archaeologists will be able to enrich their knowledge of the Taino.
In a village on the northern coast of Cuba, a Canadian-Cuban team discovered the nearly intact remains of a Taino dwelling buried in the dirt. This site may have been one of the Taino's major centers. Meanwhile, deep in the forests of the Dominican Republic, a U.S.-Dominican team has also made an important discovery: a 240-ft.-deep Taino cenote, or ceremonial well, where hundreds of objects .thrown in as offerings have been preserved in the oxygen-poor Water.
It will take a much longer time to understand the Taino fully, but they have been rescued from the ignoble status of footnotes in the chapter of history that began with the arrival of Columbus.
61. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is
A. Christopher Columbus returned the Taino's greeting with cruelty.
B. The Europeans' coming brought an end to the existence of the Taino.
C. The Taino once prosperous in modem-day Cuba now has no trace on earth.
D. Spanish weaponry would have crashed the Taino but for Columbus' arrival.
62. It is assumed the Taino had a comparatively low civilization mostly because
A. the Taino had produced no written records.
B. the Taino had built no pyramids mid temples.
C. there has been little wooden structure the Taino relied on.
D. there has been few remains showing the life of the Taino's.
63. Which statement is true concerning the Taino?
A. They were enslaved by foreign invaders.
B. They were more warlike than other Indians.
C. They were the most short-lived of all the civilizations.
D. They were buried deep in the dirt or oxygen-poor water.
64. What does the italicized word "ignoble" (in the last sentence) probably mean?
A. unfortunate B. unsuccessful
C. unpromising D. unworthy
Passage 2
Already lasers can obliterate skin blemishes, topically applied drugs can smooth facial lines and injected agents can remove deep wrinkles. Future products will be faster, borer and longer lasting. "New substances will be developed by entrepreneurs," says Brian Mayou, an aesthetic plastic surgeon, "that will be more successful than liquid silicone that we use today to eradicate wrinkles." The next major breakthrough, says Mel Brahmn, plastic surgeon and chief executive of the Harley Medical Group, will be laser treatment that needs no recovery period.
Nicholas Lowe, clinical professor of dermatology at the University of Los Angeles, adds: "There will be more efficient anti-oxidants to help reduce sun damage and aging. There will also be substances that increase the production of new collagen and elastic tissue to maintain the elasticity of youthful skin."
Lee Shreider, a research cosmetic chemist, says that we may be able to look better without any kind of operation as semi-permanent make-up gets better.
"Crooked noses will be improved by effectively sealing on shaded colors that either enhance or subdue areas of the face. We will be able to straighten eyebrows and lips making the face more symmetrical-which remains one of the keys to beauty~and even close blocked pores with permanent, custom-designed foundation."
The development of the safe sun tan is a potential gold mine. Being researched at the University of Arizona, but a long way from reality, is the injectable tan. Professor Lowe is optimistic: "There will almost certainly be a safe way of developing a sunless tan that protects against sun damage. In animal research, we've applied creams to guinea pigs that can actually 'turn on' some of the genes that produce pigmentation without any sunlight exposure."
65. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Inventions in cosmetology.
B. New discovery in face-filling.
C. A bright future for facial make-up.
D. The development of beauty culture.
66. According to the passage, what has been used to remove deep wrinkles?
A. Applied drugs.
B. Liquid silicone.
C. Laser treatment.
D. Anti-oxidant.
67. Paragraph 4 suggests that one could improve effectively one's appearance concerning the nose, eyebrows, lips, etc.
A. by applying certain lotions.
B. by having a beauty operation.
C. by changing the face shape.
D. by blocking several pores.
68. As implied in the last paragraph, the injectable tan is being researched to meet the demand of the people who
A. refuse to be exposed to the sun.
B. refuse to apply suntan creams.
C. want to get a tan for beauty.
D. want to try gene pigmentation.
Passage 3
There are faults which age releases us from, and there are virtues, which turn to vices with the lapse of years. The worst of these is thrift, which m early and middle life is wisdom and duty to practice for a provision against destitution. As time goes on this virtue is apt to turn into the ugliest, cruelest, shabbiest of the vices. Then the victim of it finds himself storing past all probable need of saving for himself or those next him, to the deprivation of the remoter kin of the race. In the earlier time when gain was symbolized by gold or silver, the miser had a sensual joy in the touch, of his riches, m hearing the coins clink In their fall through his fingers, and m gloating upon their increase sensible to the hand and eye. Then the miser had his place among the great figures of misdoing; he was of a dramatic effect, like a murderer or a robber; and something of this bad distinction clung to him even when his coins had changed to paper currency, the clean, white notes of the only English bank, or the greenbacks of our innumerable banks of issue; but when the sense of fiches had been transmuted to the balance in his favor at his banker's, or the bonds in his drawer at the safety-deposit vault, all splendor had gone out of his ~ice. His bad eminence was gone, but he clung to the lust of gain which had ranked trim with the picturesque wrong-doers, and which only ruin from without could save him from, unless he gave his remnant of strength to saving himself from it. Most aging men are sensible of all this, but few have the frankness of that aging man who once said that he who died rich died disgraced, and died the other day in the comparative poverty of fifty millions.
69. This short passage is mainly to tell that
A. man becomes increasingly greedy when getting old.
B. a miser can be honest if he does no wrong act.
C. age can help convert some virtue into a vice.
D. misers all started from trying to be thrifty.
70. According to the passage, one is thought vicious when he
A. gathers up money at the sacrifice of all his family members.
B. practices endless thrifty to guard his people from poverty.
C. stores continuously for his own and his relatives' needs.
D. saves too much but wouldn't spend it for the necessary.
71. The italicized expression "gloating upon" probably means
A. thinking with slight guilt.
B. seeing with much satisfaction.
C. touching with great awe.
D. hearing with little delight.
72. The passage implies that what could stop a miser from lusting for money might be
A. his frankness.
B. his eminence.
C. his death.
D. his glory.
73. The words "in the comparative poverty of fifty millions" at the end of the passage suggests a notion that
A. stinginess may cause a very rich man to die very pitiful.
B. rich people may still take 50 million as comparatively little.
C. one remains discontent with all he's gained until his death.
D. the rich are inconsiderate of the majority that live in poverty.