hzhangchina 发表于 2019-12-2 08:56 
是研究不平等的吗？
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are ambitious and define global priorities and aspirations for 2030.
The SDGs seek ‘to end extreme poverty in all its forms and to have in place the building blocks of sustained prosperity for all’. Their success relies heavily on action and collaboration by all actors, including governments at the national and subnational levels, in addition to civil society and the private sector.
Yet the path to achieving this 2030 Agenda is obstructed by daunting, overlapping challenges, including climate change, fragility and conflict, pandemics, and many others. The ambitious spirit of the SDGs requires an unprecedented mobilisation of financial resources, knowledge, and partnerships at the global, national, and subnational levels.
Mobilising the necessary financial resources is an essential component for achieving the SDGs, and there are many innovative developments that will contribute to the global efforts. In July 2015, Financing for Development entered a new era, when the global community agreed to the Addis Ababa Action Agenda. The global development community is committed to seeking new approaches to move the discussion from ‘billions’ in Official Development Assistance to ‘trillions’ in financial resources of all kinds: public and private, national and global. The world needs intelligent development finance that goes well beyond filling financing gaps and that can be used strategically to unlock, leverage, and catalyse private flows and domestic resources.
Notwithstanding the critical role finance plays in supporting countries to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, we need to complement these efforts with new approaches, new tools, to build momentum and accelerate progress.
We need to support countries in harnessing technology that is disrupting traditional economic markets. We can do this by embracing the power of technology in areas such as FinTech, to improve access to finance as well as to better harness the power of big data to support policy decisions linked to the SDGs. A recent World Bank Group World Development Report, entitled ‘Digital Dividends’, documents many examples where digital technologies have promoted inclusion, efficiency, and innovation. At the same time, technological advancements could leave millions behind. Our data shows that digital adoption by firms in developing countries has been slow. Automation is disrupting labour markets and will displace a significant number of jobs over the next few decades. And let's not forget that 3.6 billion people still have no internet access at all.
Leveraging technology for the public good requires global cooperation and partnerships to amplify its benefits, and to identify the risks and mitigate them. Ten years after the financial crisis, we have learned that preventing and dealing with risks early on is less costly in financial and human terms than tackling these issues too late.
Technology offers new opportunities but also introduces new risks, including increased inequality within and between countries. Urgent action is needed to maximise potential benefits and mitigate risks. We will need to help countries invest more – and more effectively – in their people to prepare for what is certain to be a more digitally demanding future. The need of the hour is for strong partnerships to build sustainable and technology-led economies, and to expand the capacity of people and institutions to thrive in this rapidly evolving environment.
This book is an excellent resource of information and cutting-edge research by leaders from the development institutions, academia, business, finance, and the startup and entrepreneurial community who have provided innovative ideas, solutions, and entrepreneurial insight into what it would take to achieve the SDGs. Now more than ever we need visionary global solutions, and this book is an important step in helping us achieve a future that is more prosperous and just for all.
Mahmoud Mohieldin
World Bank Group Senior Vice President for the 2030 Development Agenda, United Nations Relations, and Partnerships
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