置信区间估计(confidence interval estimate):利用估计的回归方程,对于自变量 x 的一个给定值 x0 ,求出因变量 y 的平均值的估计区间。
预测区间估计(prediction interval estimate):利用估计的回归方程,对于自变量 x 的一个给定值 x0 ,求出因变量 y 的一个个别值的估计区间。
帮助文档描述:
CLI requests the 100(1-α)% upper and lower confidence limits for an individual predicted value. By default, the 95% limits are computed; the ALPHA= option in the PROC REG or MODEL statement can be used to change the α level. The confidence limits reflect variation in the error, as well as variation in the parameter estimates. See the section Predicted and Residual Values and Chapter 4, Introduction to Regression Procedures, for more information.
CLM displays the 100(1-α)% upper and lower confidence limits for the expected value of the dependent variable (mean) for each observation. By default, the 95% limits are computed; the ALPHA= in the PROC REG or MODEL statement can be used to change the α level. This is not a prediction interval (see the CLI option) because it takes into account only the variation in the parameter estimates, not the variation in the error term. See the section Predicted and Residual Values and Chapter 4, Introduction to Regression Procedures, for more information.