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Moving organizational energy use toward 100 percent renewables—aspiration or destination?
将组织能源使用向100%可再生能源的目标或目的地转移？
Insights from the Deloitte 100 Percent Renewable Transition Survey
德勤100%可再生能源转型调查的启示
The US clean energy movement is gaining strength—more organizations are aiming to increase renewables in their energy mix and reduce carbon emissions. The Deloitte 100 Percent Renewable Transition Survey looks at what this means for organizations on this journey to 100 percent renewables.
美国清洁能源运动正在增强力量，更多的组织正致力于在能源结构中增加可再生能源，减少碳排放。德勤100%可再生能源转型调查着眼于这对企业在100%可再生能源之旅中意味着什么。
Introduction
介绍
THE clean energy movement is alive and well in the United States. While the country lacks a national policy to address climate change, a growing list of states, cities, and public and private sector organizations is setting increasingly ambitious goals to transition to renewable energy.1 We Are Still In. We Mean Business. Mayors for 100 Percent Clean Energy. These and other US-based groups devoted to the transition are growing. Almost every week, another company or organization announces its goal to reach 100 percent renewable energy.
清洁能源运动在美国还很活跃。尽管该国缺乏应对气候变化的国家政策，但越来越多的国家、城市、公共和私营部门组织正在制定越来越雄心勃勃的向可再生能源过渡的目标。1我们仍在努力。我们是认真的。100%清洁能源的市长。这些和其他致力于转型的美国团体正在壮大。几乎每周，另一家公司或组织都会宣布其达到100%可再生能源的目标。
Even though most organizations are not targeting 100 percent, a rising share aims to increase the percentage of renewables in their energy mix to 25 percent, 50 percent, or more over time. Others have set goals to reduce carbon emissions, making renewable deployment a vital prong in their strategies too.
尽管大多数组织的目标不是100%，但随着时间的推移，可再生能源在其能源结构中所占的比例将增加到25%、50%或更多。其他国家也制定了减少碳排放的目标，使可再生能源的使用成为其战略中的一个重要方面。
As of mid-2019, about a dozen states have renewable portfolio standards of 50 percent or more.2 This includes 100 percent renewable goals in Hawaii and Maine, as well as the District of Columbia and the territory of Puerto Rico.3 A few more states have 100 percent “clean energy” goals, which include renewables and other carbon-free energy sources. Not to be outdone, over 100 US cities have also committed to achieve 100 percent renewable energy by specific target dates—and a handful have already succeeded.4 State and municipal goals often reflect efforts to align with the 2016 Paris Climate Agreement goal of limiting global temperature increases to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit).5
截至2019年年中，约有12个州的可再生能源组合标准为50%或以上。2这包括夏威夷和缅因州以及哥伦比亚特区和波多黎各领土的100%可再生能源目标。3还有几个州的“清洁能源”目标为100%，其中包括可再生能源和其他无碳能源。不甘落后，超过100个美国城市也承诺在特定的目标日期前实现100%的可再生能源，其中少数已经成功。4州和市的目标通常反映了为配合2016年巴黎气候协议将全球气温上升限制在1.5摄氏度（2.7华氏度）的目标而做出的努力。5
And finally, as one of the sturdiest engines driving renewable energy growth in the United States and globally, US corporations have signed power purchase agreements (PPAs) for 5.9 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy in the first half of 2019, up from 4.4 GW for the same period in 2018.6 The 2018 US total was 9.1 GW, rising from just 0.6 GW in 2015.7
最后，作为推动美国和全球可再生能源增长的最强劲引擎之一，美国企业已于2019年上半年签署了590亿瓦可再生能源的购电协议（PPA），高于2018年同期的440亿瓦。6 2018年美国的总量为910亿瓦，从2015年的0.6千兆瓦增长到现在
All of this comes against a backdrop of rapidly falling costs for wind, solar, and the battery technology to store it, as well as societal shifts in the arena of public opinion, market, financial, and regulatory forces. Consumers, employees, citizen activists, government and intergovernmental organizations, as well as investors and financial regulators, are increasingly shining a spotlight on energy sourcing (see sidebar, “Stakeholder expectations are pressuring organizations to act”). As economic incentives and external pressures mount for organizations to decarbonize their energy supply, the transition to renewable energy gains steam.
所有这些都是在风能、太阳能和电池技术成本迅速下降，以及社会舆论、市场、金融和监管力量领域发生变化的背景下发生的。消费者、雇员、公民活动家、ZF和ZF间组织，以及投资者和金融监管机构，越来越关注能源采购（见侧栏，“利益相关者的期望正在迫使组织采取行动”）。随着经济刺激和外部压力的增加，各组织的能源供应脱碳，向可再生能源的过渡获得了动力。
In the Deloitte Resources 2019 Study, about half of the companies surveyed sought to add more renewable energy to their mix.8 This report focuses on a new study, the Deloitte 100 Percent Renewable Transition Survey, which shines the light more closely on US organizations’ paths in the transition to renewable energy. The commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors account for nearly 80 percent of US energy consumption.9 This study explores what the journey looks like for a broad cross-section of organizations in these sectors and examines the differences across industry groups, starting with their goals and drivers. It analyzes the strategic focus across industries and discusses the challenges organizations face in renewable procurement and in expanding electrification of energy end uses. And finally, it examines the role electric utilities can play to help organizations meet their goals and discusses some of the wider enabling factors in the developing ecosystem. We surveyed organizations in a variety of industries in both the private and public sectors across the United States (see sidebar, “Deloitte 100 Percent Renewable Transition Survey”).
在德勤资源2019年的研究中，约有一半的受访公司寻求在其组合中添加更多可再生能源。8本报告侧重于一项新的研究，即德勤100%可再生能源转型调查，该调查更密切地照亮了美国组织向可再生能源转型的道路。商业、工业和运输部门占美国能源消耗的近80%。9本研究探索了这些部门中组织的广泛领域，并从其目标和驱动力出发，考察了不同行业群体之间的差异。它分析了各行业的战略重点，并讨论了各组织在可再生能源采购和扩大能源最终用途电气化方面面临的挑战。最后，本文探讨了电力公司在帮助企业实现目标方面的作用，并讨论了发展中的生态系统中一些更广泛的有利因素。我们调查了美国私营和公共部门各种行业的组织（见侧栏“德勤100%可再生能源转型调查”）。