feng-pan 发表于 2010-11-16 03:11 
market wizards 里面一段关于市场有效性的讨论,典型的反对有效性假说的观点。
最有意思的这句话:
“I have noticed that everyone who has ever told me that the markets are efficient is poor.”
As reported in
Market Wizards,
Paul Tudor Jones futures trading style and beliefs are summarized as follows :
- Contrarian attempt to buy and sell turning points. Keeps trying the single trade idea until he changes his mind, fundamentally. Otherwise, he keeps cutting his position size down. Then he trades the smallest amount when his trading is at its worst.
- Considers himself as a premier market opportunist. When he develops an idea he pursues it from a very-low-risk standpoint until he has been proven wrong repeatedly, or until he changes his viewpoint.
- Swing trader, the best money is made at the market turns. Has missed a lot of meat in the middle, but catches a lot of tops and bottoms.
- Spends his day making himself happy and relaxed. Gets out if a losing position is making him uncomfortable. Nothing’s better than a fresh start. Key is to play great defense, not great offense.
- Never average losers. Decreases his trading size when he is doing poorly, increase when he is trading well.
- He has mental stops. If it hits that number, he is out no matter what. He uses not only price stops, but time stops.
- Monitors the whole portfolio equity (risk) in realtime.
- He believes prices move first and fundamentals come second.
- He doesn’t care about mistakes made 3 seconds ago, but what he is going to do from the next moment on.
- Don't be a hero. Don't have an ego. Always question yourself and your ability. Don’t ever feel that you are very good. The second you do, you are dead.
问:你拥有数万次交易的经验,哪一笔是你印象最深刻的?
答:是1979年的棉花市场。任何人从错误中得到教训远超过从成功中所学到的东西。我当时有许多个投机
帐户,而且大约持有400口七月份棉花
期货合约。当时市价是在82美分到86美分之间波动,而我则在每当价格跌到接近82美元分的时候持进。
有一天,市场价创下新低,然后又立刻
反弹约30或40点。我当时认为市场的这种表现,是价格触及停损价格所造成的。既然已经引发停损的情况,市场显然正蓄势待发。我站在交易厅外面,要我的经纪人以82.90美分的价格买进100口七月份合约。这在当时算是相当大的一笔买单。我在下单时,心中不无逞强斗勇的心理,于是我的经纪人为我出价82.90美元。正巧经过他身边一名拉会科(Refco)公司的经纪人立刻大叫:“卖!”。这家经纪公司当时拥有大部分可以在七月份
交割的棉花
库存。到这时候我才明白,市场在82美分到86美分的波动,并不是蓄势待发的
盘整,而是盘旋走低的前兆。
逞强斗狠·市场大忌
问:如此说来,你立刻发现自己失算了?
答:是的。我看着市价一路滑落到78美分。我实在不该为逞一时之快,而买进那100口合约。
问:那么你明白应该赶快放空。
答:不是,我了解到应该赶快放空。
问:你的动作有多快?
答:几乎是立刻。当那位经纪人大喊“卖”之后,大家都转头看着我。我身边的一个家伙还对我说:“假如你要去洗手间,最好赶快就去。”他说我脸色白得像鬼一样。我记得当时我转过身,走出去喝了一杯水,然后回来告诉我的经纪人:“能抛多少,就抛多少。”60秒之后,市价跌停,而我只卖出22口合约。
问:其他的部位是在什么时候抛出的?
答:第二天,市场开盘下跌100点,而我则是从开盘就尽力抛出。结果到市价跌停的时候,我一共只卖出约150口合约。到收盘时,我有些合约的抛售价格甚至只比我当初发现市况不对劲时候的价格低4美分。
问:尽管你的反应相当快,可是这笔交易仍然使你遭到重大损失。现在回想起来,你从这笔交易得到什么启示?
答:第一,绝不要与市场争强斗狠。第二,绝不交易过量。这笔交易的最大问题不是我损失惨重,而是我的交易量远超过我帐户中所能负担的损失金额。结果,单单这笔交易就损失了我60%到70%的资金。