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economic reform and household welfare in rural china :from household surveydata.
作者： Sarmistha pal
Abstract: Existing studies highlight the uncertainty about changes in living standards in China's transition to market economy. Using household data from Jiangsu and Sichuan
provinces, we examine the significance of demographic characteristics
on rural house-hold welfare which has generally been overlooked in the existing literature. Three sets of
results are reported here: (i) estimates of total land allocated per household suggests that
household marginal share of land is higher for a resident adult compared to a child or an
old and lower for non-resident members or members engaged in non-farm activities.(ii) Regular adjustment of land to changing demographic composition generates a lack
of security of tenure in land as well as an impetus for the growth of rural non-farm
activities as reflected in the estimates of household per capita income and expenditure:
an additional resident or non-resident adult, engaged in non-farm activities enhances
rural household welfare while an additional child or old member lowers it, which also
reflects the deterioration in the provision of social services. (iii) Probit analysis of
poverty status based on poverty-level income suggests that the poor are likely to be those
households with more children or old members and also those primarily depending on
farm activities. In a situation of changing demographic patterns and a changing balance
between rural farm and non-farm employment prospects, there is a need to identify the
poor and the vulnerable adequately so that the latter do not have to bear the brunt of the
reform.
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