antras 的一篇工作论文，我把它传上来，大家资源共享！
下面是英文摘要：（复制的时候有一些错误码，原文PDF文件没有这些错误的）
The rise of offshoring of intermediate inputs raises important questions for commercial policy.
Do the distinguishing features of offshoring introduce novel reasons for trade policy intervention?
Does offshoring create new problems of global policy cooperation whose solutions require inter-
national agreements with novel features? In this paper we provide answers to these questions,
and thereby initiate the study of trade agreements in the presence of offshoring. Our …ndings
indicate that the rise of offshoring is likely to complicate the task of trade agreements for two
reasons: …rst, the mechanism by which countries can shift the costs of intervention on to their
trading partners is more complicated in the presence of o¤shoring and extends to a wider set
of policies than is the case when o¤shoring is not present, and this implies that the agreements
themselves must extend to a wider set of policies as well; and second, the underlying problem
that a trade agreement must address in the presence of o¤shoring varies with the political pref-
erences of member governments. As a consequence, the growing prevalence of o¤shoring is likely
to make it increasingly di¢ cult for governments to rely on traditional GATT/WTO concepts
and rules –such as market access, reciprocity and non-discrimination –to help them solve their
trade-related problems.