据国外媒体报道,相信许多人都玩过魔方,但是此前没有人知道任意组合的魔方的最小还原步数究竟是多少。这一问题困扰了数学家长达三十多年,这个最小还原步数也被称为“上帝之数”。美国加利福尼亚州科学家(Morley Davidson, John Dethridge, Herbert Kociemba, 和Tomas Rokicki),近日利用计算机破解了这一谜团,他们证明任意组合的魔方均可以在20步之内还原,“上帝之数”正式定为20(God's Number is 20)。
By 1980, a lower bound of 18 had been established for God's Number by analyzing the number of effectively distinct move sequences of 17 or fewer moves, and finding that there were fewer such sequences than Cube positions. The first upper bound was probably around 80 or so from the algorithm in one of the early solution booklets. This table summarizes the subsequent results.