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Empirical studies of innovation and market structure

如假包换，摘录部分信息如下：
p1060:
W.M. Cohen and R.C. Leoin
1. Introduction
A central question in the field of industrial organization is how firms and markets
should be organized to produce optimal economic performance. Empirical estimates
of the costs of static resource misallocation attributable to suboptimal
market organization range from miniscule [0.07 percent of GNP, as estimated by
Harberger (1954)] to substantial [4-13 percent of GNP, as estimated by Cowling
and MueUer (1978)]. Even the largest of these estimated costs, however, might be
worth incurring in return for modest improvements in the rate of technological
progress. The potential tradeoff between static and dynamic efficiency is therefore
central to evaluating the performance of alternative modes of firm and market
organization.


p1061：
Ch. 18." Innovation and Market Structure
and market concentration on innovation, most probably because Schumpeter's
propositions appeared to offer a direct challenge to antitrust orthodoxy. Specifically,
the proposition that an industrial organization of large monopolistic firms
might have decisive welfare advantages cut sharply against the grain of antitrust
thinking. As a result, the more general task of identifying and evaluating other,
perhaps more fundamental, determinants of technological progress in industry
has received little attention relative to the effort devoted to exploring the effects
of size and market structure.

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