As every overseas Ph.D economics student knows, in foreign universities,economic science is very rigorous and its analysis is in a sense abstract, which is called neo-classical paradigm by the profession. Thus, do economic research is somewhat like doing applied mathematics. At least, for better or worse, mathematics has become standard language of economics.
What about the Ph.D economics programs in domestic college? Fortunately some of domestic universities have adopted this mainstream paradigm and trained students following it. However, most of other universities do not or can not adopt these standard techniques and merely follow the qualitative and exclusively normative discussions. Unfortunately, normative issues is not easy to have answers and thus different economists debate heatedly. In fact, this is unavoidable become they become differing backgrounds and have different paradigm in mind.
Economics has become a rigorous science and has been called "the queen of social sciences" by Nobel Prize economist Paul Samuelson. This is due to its unique research paradigm. In order to be able to talk to international economists, do you have an idea after you have read this paper? I hope you do.