摘要翻译：
具有长程相互作用的系统表现出向准定态(QSS)的短时弛豫，其寿命随系统大小而增加。本文参照哈密顿平均场模型，证明了基于Lynden-Bell“剧烈弛豫”的最大熵原理，预言了将弛豫向均匀（零磁化）或非均匀（非零磁化）方向分离的不平衡相变的存在。当改变初始磁化强度和能量不同的水袋族中的初始条件时，发现一阶和二阶相变线在一个非平衡三重点处合并。在一级相变线附近对亚稳性进行了理论预测和数值校核。
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英文标题：
《Out-of-equilibrium tricritical point in a system with long-range
  interactions》
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作者：
Andrea Antoniazzi, Duccio Fanelli, Stefano Ruffo, Yoshiyuki Y.
  Yamaguchi
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最新提交年份：
2007
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics        统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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英文摘要：
  Systems with long-range interactions display a short-time relaxation towards Quasi Stationary States (QSSs) whose lifetime increases with system size. With reference to the Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) model, we here show that a maximum entropy principle, based on Lynden-Bell's pioneering idea of "violent relaxation", predicts the presence of out-of-equilibrium phase transitions separating the relaxation towards homogeneous (zero magnetization) or inhomogeneous (non zero magnetization) QSSs. When varying the initial condition within a family of "water-bags" with different initial magnetization and energy, first and second order phase transition lines are found that merge at an out--of--equilibrium tricritical point. Metastability is theoretically predicted and numerically checked around the first-order phase transition line.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/706.1622